在运动员中经常观察到能量不足,尤其是女运动员,由于运动和严格饮食的高支出。低能量可用性会导致严重的健康问题并影响运动表现。这项研究的目的是评估不同的个性化饮食计划对女性职业手球运动员与能量缺乏综合征相关的生理和物理因素的影响。21名职业女手球运动员,年龄22±4岁,172.0±5.4cm和68.4±6.7kg,分为三组(FD:免费饮食;MD:地中海饮食;AD:高抗氧化饮食),参加了这项为期12周的随机对照试验.通过间接量热法的能量消耗,能源可用性,7天饮食摄入量分析,血压,胆固醇,月经功能,通过人体测量学和生物电阻抗,和强度性能进行了评估。所有参与者都表现出低能量可用性(每天<30kcal/leanmass);尽管如此,都有过脑经.干预后发现身体成分的所有成分均有显着改善(p<0.05)。在其余变量中,尽管略有改进,随着时间的推移和不同组间的差异均不显著.在所有职业女手球运动员中都观察到低能量可用性,这可能会导致严重的后果。需要更长的干预时间来评估饮食之间的差异和其他参数的改善。
Energy deficits are often observed in athletes, especially in female athletes, due to the high expenditure of sport and strict diets. Low energy availability can cause serious health problems and affect sport performance. The aim of this
study was to evaluate the effects of different personalized dietary plans on physiological and physical factors related to energy deficit syndrome in female professional
handball players. Twenty-one professional female
handball players, aged 22 ± 4 years, 172.0 ± 5.4 cm and 68.4 ± 6.7 kg, divided into three groups (FD: free diet; MD: Mediterranean diet; and AD: high antioxidant diet), participated in this 12-week randomized controlled
trial. Energy expenditure through indirect calorimetry, energy availability, 7 day dietary intake analysis, blood pressure, cholesterol, menstrual function, body composition by both anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance, and strength performance were assessed. All participants showed low energy availability (<30 kcal/lean mass per day); despite this, all had eumenorrhea. Significant improvements were found after the intervention in all components of body composition (p < 0.05). In the remaining variables, despite slight improvements, none were significant neither over time nor between the different groups. Low energy availability has been observed in all professional female
handball players, which may lead to serious consequences. A longer period of intervention is required to assess the differences between diets and improvements in other parameters.