背景:消费超加工食品[UPFs]可能与负面健康结果相关。关于UPFs在过敏性疾病发生中的潜在作用的数据有限。支撑任何此类关联的潜在机制也未得到充分阐明。
方法:我们对现有文献进行了系统回顾和叙述性证据综合,以评估UPF消耗与小儿过敏结局之间的关联(n=26篇论文),包括根据PRISMA指南与肠道微生物组(n=16篇论文)或免疫系统(n=3篇论文)结构和功能相关的数据。
结果:膳食暴露于果糖,碳酸软饮料,糖的摄入与哮喘的风险增加有关,过敏性鼻炎,和儿童的食物过敏。商业婴儿食物摄入与儿童食物过敏有关。儿童摄入果糖,果汁,含糖饮料,高碳水化合物UPFs,味精,UPFs,晚期糖基化终产物(AGEs)与过敏性疾病的发生有关。暴露于UPFs和UPFs中的常见成分似乎与哮喘等过敏性疾病的发生率增加有关,喘息,食物过敏,特应性皮炎,和过敏性鼻炎,在许多,但不是所有的研究。
结论:需要更多的临床前和临床研究来更好地确定UPF消费与过敏和哮喘风险之间的联系。这些观察性研究理想地需要具有明确定义的UPF消耗的支持数据,经过验证的饮食措施,和机械评估,以明确地将UPFs与过敏和哮喘的风险联系起来。
BACKGROUND: Consumption of ultra-processed foods [UPFs] may be associated with negative health outcomes. Limited data exist regarding the potential role of UPFs in the occurrence of allergic diseases. The underlying mechanisms underpinning any such associations are also poorly elucidated.
METHODS: We performed a systematic review and narrative evidence synthesis of the available literature to assess associations between UPF consumption and pediatric allergy outcomes (n = 26 papers), including data on the association seen with the gut microbiome (n = 16 papers) or immune system (n = 3 papers) structure and function following PRISMA guidelines.
RESULTS: Dietary exposure to fructose, carbonated soft drinks, and sugar intake was associated with an increased risk of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food allergies in children. Commercial baby food intake was associated with childhood food allergy. Childhood intake of fructose, fruit juices, sugar-sweetened beverages, high carbohydrate UPFs, monosodium glutamate, UPFs, and advanced glycated end-products (AGEs) was associated with the occurrence of allergic diseases. Exposure to UPFs and common ingredients in UPFs seem to be associated with increased occurrence of allergic diseases such as asthma, wheezing, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis, in many, but not all studies.
CONCLUSIONS: More preclinical and clinical studies are required to better define the link between UPF consumption and the risk of allergies and asthma. These observational studies ideally require supporting data with clearly defined UPF consumption, validated dietary measures, and mechanistic assessments to definitively link UPFs with the risk of allergies and asthma.