念珠菌病是由念珠菌属的各种物种引起的重要真菌感染,给各种各样的动物带来健康挑战,包括Choloepus物种(两趾树懒)。本文旨在全面了解Choloepussp的念珠菌病。,突出病因,流行病学,发病机制,临床表现,诊断,治疗,和预防策略。本文首先考察了致病因素,主要集中在白色念珠菌,这是念珠菌病最常见的物种。讨论了流行病学方面,强调念珠菌病在野生和圈养霍乱种群中的患病率,并确定易感因素,如免疫抑制,压力,营养不良,和环境条件。探索发病机制,详述念珠菌入侵宿主组织和逃避免疫反应的机制。Choloepussp。的临床表现。被描述,包括口疮,皮肤病变,和胃肠道感染,以及它们对受影响个体的健康和行为的影响。诊断方法,包括培养技术,组织病理学,和分子分析,综述了它们在准确识别念珠菌感染中的作用。本文还介绍了治疗方案,专注于针对Choloepussp的独特生理学量身定制的抗真菌治疗和支持性护理。最后,讨论了预防和管理策略,强调保持最佳畜牧业实践的重要性,定期健康监测,和早期干预,以减少念珠菌病在霍乱人群中的发病率和影响。这篇综述强调了需要进一步研究,以增强我们对念珠菌病的理解,并改善这些独特和脆弱动物的健康结果。
Candidiasis is a significant fungal infection caused by various species of the genus Candida, posing health challenges to a wide range of animals, including Choloepus species (two-toed sloths). This
review article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of candidiasis in Choloepus sp., highlighting the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies. This article begins by examining the causative agents, primarily focusing on Candida albicans, which is the most commonly implicated species in candidiasis. The epidemiological aspects are discussed, emphasizing the prevalence of candidiasis in wild and captive Choloepus populations and identifying predisposing factors, such as immunosuppression, stress, poor nutrition, and environmental conditions. Pathogenesis is explored, detailing the mechanisms through which Candida species invade host tissues and evade immune responses. Clinical manifestations in Choloepus sp. are described, including oral thrush, cutaneous lesions, and gastrointestinal infections, and their impact on the health and behavior of affected individuals. Diagnostic methods, including culture techniques, histopathology, and molecular assays, are reviewed to highlight their roles in accurately identifying Candida infections. This article also covers treatment options, focusing on antifungal therapies and supportive care tailored to the unique physiology of Choloepus sp. Finally, prevention and management strategies are discussed, emphasizing the importance of maintaining optimal husbandry practices, regular health monitoring, and early intervention to reduce the incidence and impact of candidiasis in Choloepus populations. This
review underscores the need for further research to enhance our understanding of candidiasis and improve health outcomes for these unique and vulnerable animals.