体育锻炼干预可改善精神障碍患者的生活质量,并在短期和长期内改善物质使用障碍患者的禁欲和渴望。在患有精神疾病的人中,体育锻炼干预明显减轻精神分裂症的精神症状和焦虑症状。为了法医精神病学,几乎没有经验证据支持体育锻炼干预对心理健康的改善作用。法医精神病学的介入研究主要涉及三个问题:个体的异质性,样本量很小,和低合规率。深入的纵向案例研究可能是解决法医精神病学中这些方法论挑战的合适方法。这项研究使用密集的纵向设计来确定法医精神病患者是否满足于在几周的过程中每天完成几项数据评估。这种方法的可行性是通过合规率实现的。此外,单病例研究检查运动疗法(ST)对瞬时情感状态的影响(能量唤醒,价,和冷静)。这些案例研究的结果揭示了可行性的一个方面,并提供了有关法医精神病ST对不同病情患者情感状态影响的见解。之前记录患者的瞬时情感状态(PRE),通过问卷调查在ST后(POST)和ST后1小时(FoUp1h)。10个个体(Mage=31.7,SD=11.94;60%男性)参与研究。共完成了130份问卷。为了进行单案例研究,我们考虑了3例患者的数据.对各个情感状态进行重复测量方差分析,以测试ST的主要影响。由于结果,ST对三个影响维度均无显著影响。然而,在三名患者中,效应大小在小到中等(能量唤醒:η2=0.01,η2=0.07,η2=0.06;效价:η2=0.07;镇定:η2=0.02)之间变化。密集的纵向案例研究是解决异质性和低样本量的一种可能方法。本研究的低符合率表明研究设计需要针对未来的研究进行优化。
Physical exercise interventions improve quality of life in people with mental disorders and improve abstinence and cravings in substance use disorders patients in both the short term and long term. In people with mental illness, physical exercise interventions significantly reduce psychiatric symptoms of schizophrenia and symptoms of anxiety. For forensic psychiatry, there is little empirical evidence supporting mental health-enhancing effects of physical exercise interventions. Interventional studies in forensic psychiatry deal mainly with three problems: heterogeneity of the individuals, a small sample size, and a low compliance rate. Intensive longitudinal
case studies could be a suitable approach to address these methodological challenges in forensic psychiatry. This study uses an intensive longitudinal design to determine whether forensic psychiatric patients are content to complete several data assessments per day over the course of several weeks. The feasibility of this approach is operationalized by the compliance rate. Additionally, single-
case studies examine the effects of sports therapy (ST) on momentary affective states (energetic arousal, valence, and calmness). The results of these
case studies reveal one aspect of feasibility and offer insights into the effects of forensic psychiatric ST on the affective states among patients with different conditions. The patients\' momentary affective states were recorded before (PRE), after (POST) and 1 h after (FoUp1h) ST by questionnaires. Ten individuals (Mage = 31.7, SD = 11.94; 60% male) participated in the study. A total of 130 questionnaires were completed. To perform the single-
case studies, data of three patients were considered. Repeated-measures ANOVA was performed for the individual affective states to test for main effects of ST. Due to the results, ST has no significant effect on none of the three affect dimensions. However, effect sizes varied between small to medium (energetic arousal: η2 = 0.01, η2 = 0.07, η2 = 0.06; valence: η2 = 0.07; calmness: η2 = 0.02) in the three patients. Intensive longitudinal
case studies are a possible approach to address heterogeneity and the low sample size. The low compliance rate in this study reveals that the study design needs to be optimized for future studies.