■随着全球气候变化,寒冷天气对健康的影响和PM2.5造成的空气污染日益加重,特别是在高海拔地区,特别敏感。探索它们的相互作用对公共卫生至关重要。
■我们收集了气象学的时间序列数据,空气污染,以及西宁市各种死亡原因。这项研究采用了时间分层的案例交叉设计和条件逻辑回归模型来探索冷法术之间的关联,PM2.5暴露,以及各种死亡原因,并评估他们的互动。我们使用相互作用的相对超额几率(REOI)定量分析了相互作用,归因于互动的可归属比例(AP),和协同指数(S)。此外,我们按平均海拔高度进行了分层分析,性别,年龄,和教育水平,以确定潜在的弱势群体。
■我们发现了寒冷法术之间的显著关联,PM2.5和各种死亡原因,对呼吸系统疾病死亡率和COPD死亡率有显著影响。我们确定了寒冷天气和PM2.5对各种死亡原因的显着协同作用(REOI>0,AP>0,S>1)。通常会随着更严格的冷法术定义和更长的持续时间而减弱。据估计,高达9.56%的非意外死亡可归因于同时暴露于寒冷天气和高水平PM2.5。高海拔地区,男性,老年人,受教育程度较低的人更敏感。互动主要因年龄组而异,表明显著的影响和增加死亡风险的协同作用。
■我们的研究发现,在高海拔地区,暴露于寒冷天气和PM2.5会显著增加老年人因特定疾病的死亡风险,男性,那些教育水平较低的人,寒冷天气和PM2.5之间存在相互作用。结果强调了减少这些暴露对保护公众健康的重要性。
UNASSIGNED: With global climate change, the health impacts of cold spells and air pollution caused by PM2.5 are increasingly aggravated, especially in high-altitude areas, which are particularly sensitive. Exploring their interactions is crucial for public health.
UNASSIGNED: We collected time-series data on meteorology, air pollution, and various causes of death in Xining. This study employed a time-stratified
case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression models to explore the association between cold spells, PM2.5 exposure, and various causes of death, and to assess their interaction. We quantitatively analyzed the interaction using the relative excess odds due to interaction (REOI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP), and synergy index (S). Moreover, we conducted stratified analyses by average altitude, sex, age, and educational level to identify potential vulnerable groups.
UNASSIGNED: We found significant associations between cold spells, PM2.5, and various causes of death, with noticeable effects on respiratory disease mortality and COPD mortality. We identified significant synergistic effects (REOI>0, AP > 0, S > 1) between cold spells and PM2.5 on various causes of death, which generally weakened with a stricter definition of cold spells and longer duration. It was estimated that up to 9.56% of non-accidental deaths could be attributed to concurrent exposure to cold spells and high-level PM2.5. High-altitude areas, males, the older adults, and individuals with lower educational levels were more sensitive. The interaction mainly varied among age groups, indicating significant impacts and a synergistic action that increased mortality risk.
UNASSIGNED: Our study found that in high-altitude areas, exposure to cold spells and PM2.5 significantly increased the mortality risk from specific diseases among the older adults, males, and those with lower educational levels, and there was an interaction between cold spells and PM2.5. The results underscore the importance of reducing these exposures to protect public health.