目的:本文旨在研究西班牙青少年的膳食持续时间与肥胖指标之间的关系。
方法:我们使用饮食健康和日常生活活动(EHDLA)项目的数据进行了横断面分析,该项目涉及来自三所中学的755名12至17岁的青少年(54.8%的女孩)穆尔西亚ValledeRicote地区,西班牙。为了评估总体用餐时间,参与者被问及早餐(平均)多长时间,早晨小吃,午餐,下午小吃,晚餐通常持续。随后,测量了全球膳食持续时间,参与者被归类为三元。肥胖相关指标,包括体重指数(BMI)z评分,腰围(WC),和皮褶厚度,被评估。分析针对潜在的混杂因素进行了调整,例如性别,年龄,社会经济地位,身体活动,久坐的行为,饮食质量,和能量摄入。
结果:关于进餐时间状态,膳食持续时间长的青少年BMIz评分的边际均值估计最低,WC,和身体脂肪百分比(使用三头肌和小腿皮肤褶皱的总和)。然而,仅在BMIz评分(p=0.008)上观察到膳食持续时间长的青少年和膳食持续时间短的青少年之间存在显着差异,和WC(p=0.020)。此外,研究发现,膳食持续时间长的青少年和膳食持续时间中等的青少年在BMIz评分方面存在显著差异(p=0.017).
结论:这些发现强调了促进慢饮食习惯作为肥胖预防策略的一部分的重要性。未来的研究应该探索这种关联的因果关系及其行为干预的潜力。
OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to examine the association between meal duration and obesity indicators among Spanish adolescents.
METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) project involving 755 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years (54.8% girls) from three secondary schools in the Valle de Ricote Region of Murcia, Spain. To evaluate overall meal duration, participants were asked how long (on average) breakfast, morning snacks, lunch, afternoon snacks, and dinner typically last. Subsequently, global meal duration was measured, and the participants were categorized into tertiles. Obesity-related indicators, including body mass index (BMI) z score, waist circumference (WC), and skinfold thickness, were assessed. The analyses were adjusted for potential confounders such as sex, age, socioeconomic status, physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet quality, and energy intake.
RESULTS: Concerning meal duration status, adolescents with long meal durations had the lowest estimated marginal means of BMI z score, WC, and body fat percentage (using the sum of triceps and calf skinfolds). However, significant differences between adolescents with a long meal duration and those with a short meal duration were observed only for BMI z score (p = 0.008), and WC (p = 0.020). Furthermore, significant differences in BMI z score (p = 0.017) between adolescents with a long meal duration and those with a moderate meal duration were identified.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings underscore the importance of promoting slower eating habits as part of obesity prevention strategies. Future studies should explore the causality of this association and its potential for behavioral interventions.