结核病是最常见的死亡原因,特别是由单一感染因子引起的,结核分枝杆菌。有两种类型的结核病:肺结核和肺外结核。肺外结核患者常由于疾病的结构异常而导致肺功能降低,这也严重损害了他们的生活质量。建议的治疗肺外结核患者的标准护理是肺康复。一名35岁的男性患者,主诉呼吸急促,干咳,病例研究的主题是诊断为肺外结核的断断续续发烧。患者患有肺外结核,有胸腔积液史,这是通过适当的药物来管理的。在疾病的症状增加后,患者被转介接受肺康复治疗。物理治疗方案包括呼吸练习,放松技术,上肢和下肢的活动能力锻炼。有效的身体康复对于最大程度地减少并发症并使他恢复日常活动是必要的。几项成果措施,比如呼吸困难量表,视觉模拟量表,六分钟步行测试,和世界卫生组织-生活质量(WHO-QOL)问卷,用于在康复期间监测患者的进展。理疗方案的好处强调需要量身定制的方法来解决个体患者的全面康复需求,因为它显著提高了临床,物理,社会心理,和整体生活质量,这对肺外结核患者至关重要。这些协议有利于提高运动能力,肌肉力量,呼吸困难等症状,咳嗽,以及这些患者的健康相关生活质量。在这项研究中,重点更多是呼吸练习,例如分段呼吸练习,以扩大肺和增加肺的空气进入,然后提高功能能力和力量。
Tuberculosis is the most frequent cause of death, specifically caused by a single infectious agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. There are two types of tuberculosis: pulmonary tuberculosis and extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis often have reduced lung function due to the disease\'s structural abnormalities, which also significantly impair their quality of life. The suggested standard of care for the treatment of extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients is pulmonary rehabilitation. A 35-year-old male patient who complained of shortness of breath, dry cough, and on-and-off fever diagnose with extrapulmonary tuberculosis was the subject of the
case study. The patient had extrapulmonary tuberculosis with a history of pleural effusion, which was managed with proper medications. After increasing symptoms of the disease, the patient was referred for pulmonary rehabilitation. Physiotherapy protocol includes breathing exercises, relaxation techniques, and mobility exercises for the upper limb and lower limb. Effective physical rehabilitation was necessary to minimize complications and allow him to resume daily activities. Several outcome measures, like the dyspnea scale, visual analog scale, six-minute walk test, and World Health Organization-Quality of Life (WHO-QOL) questionnaire, were used to monitor the patient\'s progress during rehabilitation. The benefits of physiotherapy protocols emphasize the need for tailored approaches to addressing individual patient needs for comprehensive recovery as it significantly enhances clinical, physical, psychosocial, and overall quality of life, making it crucial for patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The protocols are beneficial to improve exercise capacity, muscle force, symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and health-related quality of life in these patients. In this study, the focus was more on breathing exercises such as segmental breathing exercises for lung expansion and increasing air entry in the lungs followed by improving functional capacity and strength.