未经评估:使用抗青光眼药物(AGM)的患者的眼表评估很少是临床医生的优先事项,因为青光眼管理的目标是眼压并保持视力。这篇综述总结了局部AGM对眼表的各种不利影响,并强调了眼表评估在这些患者中的重要性。
UNASSIGNED:对有关该主题的文章(仅英文)进行了文献检索,重点是过去5年中发表的最新文章。
UASSIGNED:青光眼患者使用多种抗青光眼药物会增加患者对药物和这些药物中存在的防腐剂的暴露。长期使用这些药物对结膜有有害影响,角膜,眼睑,和眼周组织如倒车灯,阑尾,symblepharon,fornicalshorking,点状角膜病变,不愈合的上皮缺损,还有Pannus.治疗需要停药或替代口服或局部未保存且毒性较小的AGM制剂。如果在超过90%的眼睛中早期和停药后诊断出病情,则眼表和症状可以改善。然而,在眼压控制方面,停止或更换AGM通常会带来一系列独特的挑战,而眼压控制通常需要在近20%的眼睛中进行青光眼手术才能控制IOP.
未经证实:外用抗青光眼药物(含防腐剂)可引起严重的眼表和眶周改变。早期识别和停用有问题的药物/防腐剂可以帮助逆转这种变化,但在广泛瘢痕形成的眼睛除外。
UNASSIGNED: Assessment of ocular surface in patients using anti-glaucoma medications (AGM) is rarely a priority for clinicians since glaucoma management targets intraocular pressure and preserves vision. This review summarizes the various adverse effects of topical AGM on the ocular surface and highlights the importance of ocular surface assessment in these patients.
UNASSIGNED: A literature search of articles (English only) on the subject matter was conducted focusing on recent articles published in the past 5 years.
UNASSIGNED: The use of multiple anti-glaucoma medications in glaucoma patients increases patients\' exposure to the drug and the preservatives present in these medications. Long-term use of these medications has deleterious effects on the conjunctiva, cornea, eyelids, and periocular tissues like trichiasis, entropion, symblepharon, forniceal shortening, punctate keratopathy, non-healing epithelial defects, and pannus. Treatment requires drug withdrawal or substitution by oral or topical non-preserved and less toxic preparations of AGMs. The ocular surface and symptoms can improve if the condition is diagnosed early and after drug withdrawal in over 90% of eyes. However, stopping or changing AGMs can often present with its own unique set of challenges in intra-ocular pressure control which may often need glaucoma surgery in close to 20% of eyes for IOP control.
UNASSIGNED: Topical antiglaucoma medications (with their preservatives) can induce severe ocular surface and periorbital changes. Early identification and withdrawal of the offending drug/preservative can help to reverse the changes except in eyes with extensive cicatrization.