Remote delivery of cardiovascular rehabilitation (CR) has been vital during the COVID pandemic when restrictions have been placed on face-to- face services. In the future, CR services are likely to offer alternatives to centre- based CR, including digital options. However, little is known about the digital access and confidence of CR service users, or their CR delivery preferences. A telephone survey was conducted of those referred for CR in the London boroughs of Lambeth and Southwark (n=60) in which questions were asked about digital access and confidence, as well as current and future delivery preferences for their CR. Between March and July 2021, 60 service-users met the inclusion criteria and were recruited for a telephone survey (mean age 60 ± 11.2 years). Of those, 82% had regular access to a smartphone, 60% to a computer or laptop and 43% to a tablet device. A high proportion of service users perceived themselves to be \'extremely\' or \'somewhat\' confident to use their devices. Thirty-nine (65%) service users would currently prefer a face-to- face assessment, rising to 82% once the perceived COVID-19 threat and restrictions are less. Preferences for accessing exercise were equally split between face-to-face and remotely supported independent exercise, with low interest in digital options. Delivery preferences for education, relaxation and peer support were more heterogeneous with interest in all delivery options. In conclusion, digital access and confidence in CR service users was good. Redesigning CR services to offer more rehabilitation delivery options, aligned with patient choice may increase uptake and further trials are needed to assess the impact.

In patients who have lost their eye due to one or many of the following events, such as surgery, trauma, tumors, or birth eye defects, ocular prostheses play a very vital role in the recovery of their eye appearance and social appearance. This case report highlights the successful fitting and fabrication of a custom-made ocular prosthesis in a patient with an eye defect. The manufacturing process of the prostheses involved careful evaluation and fabrication involving a series of steps to achieve a successful prosthesis. A customized prosthesis guarantees excellent esthetic matching, more comfort, and increased patient confidence, thereby a better quality of life.

BACKGROUND: Dental imaging comprises a wide range of techniques and modalities, each with different diagnostic features influenced by numerous parameters, all of which contribute to the precision and effectiveness of dental evaluations and treatments. This study examined the dimensional reproducibility of arch measurements from CBCT scans with different voxel sizes and exposure parameters compared to a reference model from Extra-oral scanners (EOS) and how these parameters affected digital matching and diagnostic image quality.
METHODS: A diagnostic observational study of arch dimensions, including inter-canine, inter-premolar, intermolar, arch width and arch length, was conducted on digital models (DMs) created from 65 CBCT scans of a full dentate epoxy maxillary model. The measurements obtained from EOS scans served as the control for the study. Normality was tested with the Shapiro-Wilk test, comparisons used the Kruskal-Wallis test with Bonferroni-adjusted pairwise comparisons for significant results, and data were analysed using IBM SPSS (Version 26.0), with significance set at p < .05.
RESULTS: Significant deviations were revealed among study groups, with group I (smallest voxel size) consistently displaying the lowest values, mean (SD) deviation was reported as 0.01 (0.006) and group IV (lowest kV value) exhibiting the highest deviations, mean (SD) deviation of 0.16 (0.17).
CONCLUSIONS: Combining a small voxel size (0.12 mm) with high milliampere (8 mA) and kilovoltage (90 kV) settings in CBCT ensured detailed anatomical visualization and accurate linear measurements, crucial for precise dental assessments, and emphasizing the necessity for strict control over CBCT parameters in dental applications.

Since the Cambridge Analytica scandal, governments are increasingly concerned about the way in which citizens\' personal data are collected, processed and used during election campaigns To develop the appropriate tools for monitoring and controlling this new mode of \"data-driven campaigning\" (DDC) regulators require a clear understanding of the practices involved. This paper provides a first step toward that goal by proposing a new organizational and process-centred operational definition of DDC from which we derive a set of empirical indicators. The indicators are applied to the policy environment of a leading government in this domain - the European Union (EU) - to generate a descriptive \"heat map\" of current regulatory activity toward DDC. Based on the results of this exercise, we argue that regulation is likely to intensify on existing practices and extend to cover current \"cold spots\". Drawing on models of internet governance, we argue that this expansion is likely to occur in one of two ways. A \"kaleidoscopic\" approach, in which current legislation extends to absorb DDC practices and a more \"designed\" approach that involves more active intervention by elites, and ultimately the generation of a new regulatory regime.

Gaming avatars can influence users\' attitudes and behaviors and manifest as the proteus effect. The present study examined proteus effect profiles among 571 gamers and their associations with disordered gaming and physical activity. Latent class analysis identified three profiles: non-influenced gamers, emotion-perception influenced gamers (highest proteus effect), and emotion-behavior influenced gamers (moderate proteus effect). The high proteus effect group exhibited significantly higher gaming disorder symptoms at baseline and 6 months compared to other profiles. Proteus effect profiles did not significantly differ in physical activity levels. However, higher disordered gaming and proteus effect predicted lower activity over time. The strong proteus effect group\'s avatar immersion may increase gaming disorder risks. Minimal avatar influence for the non-influenced gamers appears protective. While proteus effect profiles do not directly relate to activity, amplified disordered gaming can reduce active lifestyles. Overall, findings demonstrate how avatars differentially affect gamers\' experiences and functioning through proteus-induced changes.

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Initiatives to share assets in the life science sector through dedicated partnerships had and still have a multitude of different aspects in the past few decades. The range goes from industry partners, small and big companies, in bilateral agreements with academic institutions up to large privately and publicly funded consortia. In general, the term public-private partnership (PPP) is used when at least one public (non-profit, academic, and/or government) part and one or more private for-profit partners are involved. A Public-Private Partnership is often driven by a public body, i.e. a ministry or a public agency. Their synergism has been described 10 years ago (Dearing, Science 315(19):344-347, 2007; Casty and Wieman, Ther Innov Regul Sci 47(3):375-383, 2013; Stevens et al., Biotechnol Law Rep 34(4):153-165, 2015). So why view this synergism again today? It will be shown that the situation in life science has changed: novel partners acting digital, data expertise being involved on many levels and novel partnering models arising. Success and challenges will be described in this chapter.

This study critically examines the public\'s perception of Florence Nightingale\'s legacy through a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of digital media, specifically podcasts and YouTube. Nightingale, who is often remembered as \"The Lady with the Lamp\", holds a complex identity within modern narratives that is celebrated for her pioneering contributions to nursing and public health, even if there are some disagreements about her, given the colonialist setting that may have shaped some of her opinions and decisions. This research employed CDA to analyze 25 podcasts and 18 YouTube videos, which were systematically included according to a priori inclusion criteria. The study synthesized how these media products portray Nightingale and, by extension, shape public discourse about the nursing profession. The findings reveal five thematic representations of Nightingale: as a legendary figure, a modern feminist, a dedicated statistician, a pioneer in public health, and a pivotal STEM contributor. These portrayals challenge traditional nursing stereotypes by emphasizing Nightingale\'s role as a rigorous scientist and reformer, suggesting broader perceptions of nurses that encompass leadership, analytical skills, and strategic thinking. The study supports the hypothesis that digital narratives significantly influence the public\'s understanding and appreciation of nursing, advocating for a more nuanced professional identity that integrates traditional caregiving roles with critical and analytical capabilities.

BACKGROUND: Insomnia is a prevalent condition with significant health, societal, and economic impacts. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) is recommended as the first-line treatment. With limited accessibility to in-person-delivered CBTI (ipCBTI), electronically delivered eHealth CBTI (eCBTI), ranging from telephone- and videoconference-delivered interventions to fully automated web-based programs and mobile apps, has emerged as an alternative. However, the relative efficacy of eCBTI compared to ipCBTI has not been conclusively determined.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to test the comparability of eCBTI and ipCBTI through a systematic review and meta-analysis of equivalence based on randomized controlled trials directly comparing the 2 delivery formats.
METHODS: A comprehensive search across multiple databases was conducted, leading to the identification and analysis of 15 unique randomized head-to-head comparisons of ipCBTI and eCBTI. Data on sleep and nonsleep outcomes were extracted and subjected to both conventional meta-analytical methods and equivalence testing based on predetermined equivalence margins derived from previously suggested minimal important differences. Supplementary Bayesian analyses were conducted to determine the strength of the available evidence.
RESULTS: The meta-analysis included 15 studies with a total of 1083 participants. Conventional comparisons generally favored ipCBTI. However, the effect sizes were small, and the 2 delivery formats were statistically significantly equivalent (P<.05) for most sleep and nonsleep outcomes. Additional within-group analyses showed that both formats led to statistically significant improvements (P<.05) in insomnia severity; sleep quality; and secondary outcomes such as fatigue, anxiety, and depression. Heterogeneity analyses highlighted the role of treatment duration and dropout rates as potential moderators of the differences in treatment efficacy.
CONCLUSIONS: eCBTI and ipCBTI were found to be statistically significantly equivalent for treating insomnia for most examined outcomes, indicating eCBTI as a clinically relevant alternative to ipCBTI. This supports the expansion of eCBTI as a viable option to increase accessibility to effective insomnia treatment. Nonetheless, further research is needed to address the limitations noted, including the high risk of bias in some studies and the potential impact of treatment duration and dropout rates on efficacy.
BACKGROUND: PROSPERO CRD42023390811; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=390811.