不受控制的糖尿病可导致糖尿病肾病(DN)。该研究的目的是探讨不同饮食微量营养素模式与女性DN风险之间的关系。这是一项病例对照研究。选择105例患有DN的患者(定义为尿白蛋白mg/克肌酐≥30mg/g),并选择105例无DN的女性作为对照。通过半定量食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入量。使用varimax旋转的主成分分析得出微量营养素模式。模式分为低于中位数和高于中位数的两组。使用Logistic回归来辨别和找到DN的比值比(ORs),及其95%置信区间(CI)基于粗模型和调整模型中的微量营养素模式。包括三种模式,(1)矿物图案如铬,锰,生物素,维生素B6,磷,镁,硒,铜,锌,钾,铁,(2)水溶性维生素模式,如维生素B5,B2,叶酸,B1,B3,B12,钠和C,和(3)脂溶性维生素模式,如钙,维生素K,β-胡萝卜素,α-生育酚,α-胡萝卜素,维生素E,和维生素A,被提取。在调整模型中发现DN的风险与以下矿物质模式和脂溶性维生素模式之间存在负相关关系(OR=0.51[95%CI0.28-0.95],p=.03)和(OR=0.53[95%CI0.29-0.98],p=.04),分别。在粗模型和调整模型中,水溶性维生素模式与DN风险之间没有关系,但在调整模型中,显著性降低。高坚持脂溶性维生素模式后,DN的风险降低了47%。此外,我们发现,在矿物质模式的高依从性组中,DN的风险降低了49%.研究结果证实,肾脏保护性膳食模式可以降低DN的风险。
Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to diabetic nephropathy (DN). The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between different dietary micronutrient patterns and risk of DN in women. This was a
case-control study. One hundred and five patients had DN (defined as urinary mg of albumin per gram of creatinine ≥30 mg/g) were chosen as the
case and 105 women without DN were chosen as control. Dietary intakes were assessed by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was used to derive the micronutrient patterns. Patterns were divided into two groups of lower and higher than median. Logistic regression was used to discern and find the odds ratio (ORs) of DN, and its 95% confidence interval (CI) based on the micronutrient patterns in crude and adjusted model. Three patterns which were included, (1) mineral patterns such as chromium, manganese, biotin, vitamin B6, phosphorus, magnesium, selenium, copper, zinc, potassium, and iron, (2) water-soluble vitamin patterns such as vitamin B5, B2, folate, B1, B3, B12, sodium and C, and (3) fat-soluble vitamin patterns such as calcium, vitamin K, beta carotene, alpha tocopherol, alpha carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin A, were extracted. An inverse relationship was found between risk of DN and following mineral patterns and fat-soluble vitamin patterns in adjusted model (ORs = 0.51 [95% CI 0.28-0.95], p = .03) and (ORs = 0.53 [95% CI 0.29-0.98], p = .04), respectively. No relationship was seen between water-soluble vitamin patterns and risk of DN in crude and adjusted model but the significance was decreased in adjusted model. The risk of DN was 47% decreased after high adherence of fat-soluble vitamin patterns. In addition, we saw a 49% decrease of risk of DN in high adherence group of mineral patterns. The findings confirm that renal-protective dietary patterns can reduce risk of DN.