背景:我们研究的目的是前瞻性地探索深度学习算法(DLA)的临床价值,以检测按糖尿病类型分层的不同亚组中可参考的糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)。血压,性别,BMI,年龄,糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c),糖尿病持续时间,尿白蛋白与肌酐比值(UACR),和估计肾小球滤过率(eGFR)在现实世界的糖尿病中心在中国。
方法:选取2018年10月至2019年8月上海市总医院1147例糖尿病患者。视网膜眼底图像由DLA分级,并将所需DR(中度非增殖性DR或更差)的检测结果与一位经验超过12年的经认证的视网膜专科医生产生的参考标准进行了比较.不同亚组的DLA表现按糖尿病类型分层,血压,性别,BMI,年龄,HbA1c,糖尿病持续时间,UACR,并评估eGFR。
结果:对于所有1674张分级图像,接收器工作曲线下的面积,灵敏度,DLA对可参考DR的特异性为0.942(95%CI,0.920-0.964),85.1%(95%CI,83.4%-86.8%),和95.6%(95%CI,94.6%-96.6%),分别。DLA在大多数亚组中表现一致,虽然它在1型糖尿病患者亚组中表现优异,UACR≥30mg/g,和eGFR<90mL/min/1.73m2。
结论:这项研究表明,DLA是检测可参考DR的可靠替代方法,并且在1型糖尿病和糖尿病肾病患者中表现优异。
BACKGROUND: The aim of our research was to prospectively explore the clinical value of a deep learning algorithm (DLA) to detect referable diabetic retinopathy (DR) in different subgroups stratified by types of diabetes, blood pressure, sex, BMI, age, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), diabetes duration, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at a real-world diabetes center in China.
METHODS: A total of 1147 diabetic patients from Shanghai General Hospital were recruited from October 2018 to August 2019. Retinal fundus images were graded by the DLA, and the detection of referable DR (moderate nonproliferative DR or worse) was compared with a reference standard generated by one certified retinal specialist with more than 12 years of experience. The performance of DLA across different subgroups stratified by types of diabetes, blood pressure, sex, BMI, age, HbA1c, diabetes duration, UACR, and eGFR was evaluated.
RESULTS: For all 1674 gradable images, the area under the receiver operating curve, sensitivity, and specificity of the DLA for referable DR were 0.942 (95% CI, 0.920-0.964), 85.1% (95% CI, 83.4%-86.8%), and 95.6% (95% CI, 94.6%-96.6%), respectively. The DLA showed consistent performance across most subgroups, while it showed superior performance in the subgroups of patients with type 1 diabetes, UACR ≥ 30 mg/g, and eGFR < 90 mL/min/1.73m2 .
CONCLUSIONS: This
study showed that the DLA was a reliable alternative method for the detection of referable DR and performed superior in patients with type 1 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy who were prone to DR.