创伤性颅骨骨折后很少发生脑囊肿。鉴于其发病率低,这些病变的临床表现和管理策略仅限于病例报告和有限的病例系列.使用PubMed进行了系统的文献综述,奥维德,和WebofScience数据库使用系统评论和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目来识别相关文章。共有37条符合纳入标准,包括这里介绍的案例。这些文章报道了52例创伤性脑囊肿。患者平均年龄为25.3岁(6个月-66岁),男性占主导地位(63%,33/52)。导致脑膨出形成的最常见的骨缺损是眶顶(52%,27/52),筛骨(35%,18/52),和蝶骨(10%,5/52).从外伤到初次就诊的平均时间为21.3个月(范围为0d-36y),在外伤后立即出现双峰分布(57%,26/46)或以延迟的方式(43%,20/46).轨道屋顶的常见介绍,额鼻部,颞骨脑瘤突出(85%,23/27),脑脊液鼻漏(71%,17/24),和听力损失(100%,4/4),分别。操作方法,修复技术,用于减少脑膨出的材料变化很大。在大多数情况下,手术干预提供了明确的症状改善或解决(89%,42/47)。眼眶的临床结果没有差异,额鼻部,或颞骨脑囊肿(P=0.438)。创伤性脑瘤是一种罕见的实体,根据骨折裂开的位置,表现出不同的症状。无论脑膨出位置如何,大多数病例的手术干预均可改善症状,时间介绍,或手术方法。
Encephaloceles rarely develop following traumatic skull fractures. Given their low incidence, the clinical presentations and management strategies of these lesions are confined to case reports and limited case series. A systematic literature
review was performed using PubMed, Ovid, and Web of Science databases to identify relevant articles using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A total of 37 articles met inclusion criteria, including the case presented herein. These articles reported 52 traumatic encephaloceles. Mean patient age was 25.3 years (range 6 mo-66 y) with a male predominance (63%, 33/52). The most common bony defects resulting in encephalocele formation were the orbital roof (52%, 27/52), ethmoid (35%, 18/52), and sphenoid (10%, 5/52). Mean time from traumatic injury to initial presentation was 21.3 months (range 0 d-36 y) with a bimodal distribution split between immediately following the traumatic injury (57%, 26/46) or in a delayed manner (43%, 20/46). Common presentations of orbital roof, frontonasal, and temporal bone encephaloceles were exophthalmos (85%, 23/27), cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea (71%, 17/24), and hearing loss (100%, 4/4), respectively. Operative approach, repair technique, and materials used for encephalocele reduction were highly variable. Surgical intervention afforded definitive symptomatic improvement or resolution in the majority of cases (89%, 42/47). Clinical outcomes did not differ between orbital, frontonasal, or temporal bone encephaloceles ( P =0.438). Traumatic encephaloceles are a rare entity with diverse presenting symptomatology dependent upon the location of fracture dehiscence. Surgical intervention affords symptomatic improvement in the majority of cases irrespective of encephalocele location, time to presentation, or operative approach.