目的:年轻年龄的危险因素暴露被证明会导致心血管事件-心脏肥大,可能伴随着新陈代谢的改变。为了确定早期代谢改变与心肌结构变化的关系,我们对有心血管疾病(CVD)危险因素的年轻成人和无CVD危险因素的对照组的尿代谢物进行了分析.
结果:我们包括健康成年人(N=1202),20-30岁,根据风险因素进行分层,即,肥胖,缺乏身体活动,血压升高(BP),高血糖症,血脂异常,社会经济地位低,吸烟和过度饮酒-构成CVD风险组(N=1036)和对照组(N=166)。使用超声心动图测量相对壁厚(RWT)和左心室质量指数(LVMi)。使用液相色谱-串联质谱法获得靶向代谢组学数据。临床收缩压,与对照组相比,CVD风险组的24hBP和RWT较高(均P≤0.031)。仅在CVD风险组中,RWT与肌酸和十二烷酰肉碱相关;而LVMi与甘氨酸相关,丝氨酸,谷氨酰胺,苏氨酸,丙氨酸,瓜氨酸,肌酸,脯氨酸,焦谷氨酸和谷氨酸(所有P≤0.040)。仅在对照组中,LVMi与丙酰基肉碱和丁酰基肉碱相关(P均≤0.009)。
结论:在没有心血管疾病的年轻人中,但由于心血管疾病的危险因素,与代谢产物相关的LVMi和RWT与能量代谢(从仅脂肪酸氧化转变为糖酵解,肌酸激酶活性受损)和氧化应激。我们的发现支持由于生活方式和行为风险因素引起的心脏结构改变而引起的早期代谢变化。
OBJECTIVE: Risk factor exposure from young ages was shown to contribute to cardiovascular events - cardiac hypertrophy, which may be accompanied by an altered metabolism. To determine how early metabolic alterations associate with myocardial structural changes, we profiled urinary metabolites in young adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor(s) and a control group without CVD risk factors.
RESULTS: We included healthy adults (N = 1202), aged 20-30 years, stratified based on risk factors, i.e., obesity, physical inactivity, elevated blood pressure (BP), hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, low socio-economic status, smoking and excessive alcohol use - forming the CVD risk group (N = 1036) and the control group (N = 166). Relative wall thickness (RWT) and left ventricular mass index (LVMi) were measured using echocardiography. Targeted metabolomics data were obtained using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Clinic systolic BP, 24 h BP and RWT were higher in the CVD risk group compared to the control group (all P ≤ 0.031). Exclusively in the CVD risk group, RWT associated with creatine and dodecanoylcarnitine; while LVMi associated with glycine, serine, glutamine, threonine, alanine, citrulline, creatine, proline, pyroglutamic acid and glutamic acid (all P ≤ 0.040). Exclusively in the control group, LVMi associated with propionylcarnitine and butyrylcarnitine (all P ≤ 0.009).
CONCLUSIONS: In young adults without CVD, but with CVD risk factors, LVMi and RWT associated with metabolites linked energy metabolism (shifting from solely fatty acid oxidation to glycolysis, with impaired creatine kinase activity) and oxidative stress. Our findings support early onset metabolic changes accompanying cardiac structural alterations due to lifestyle and behavioural risk factors.