cancer risk

癌症风险
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    Simpson-Golabi-Behmel综合征(SGBS)是一种罕见的先天性过度生长疾病,其特征是巨大儿,巨舌,粗糙的面部特征,发展延误。它是由染色体Xq26.2上GPC3基因的致病变异引起的。这里,我们对已知的分子确诊SGBS患者进行了全面的文献回顾和表型分析,并回顾了22例患者的新队列.利用这些数据,我们对Wilms瘤和肝母细胞瘤的肿瘤风险进行了表征,以建议对该患者人群进行适当的筛查.此外,我们讨论了SGBS和Beckwith-Wiedemann谱之间的表型重叠。
    Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS) is a rare congenital overgrowth condition characterized by macrosomia, macroglossia, coarse facial features, and development delays. It is caused by pathogenic variants in the GPC3 gene on chromosome Xq26.2. Here, we performed a comprehensive literature review and phenotyping of known patients with molecularly confirmed SGBS and reviewed a novel cohort of 22 patients. Using these data, we characterized the tumor risk for Wilms tumor and hepatoblastoma to suggest appropriate screening for this patient population. In addition, we discuss the phenotypic overlap between SGBS and Beckwith-Wiedemann Spectrum.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:铅(Pb)是一种有毒的重金属和广泛的环境污染物,和根据IARC分类的2A类致癌物,然而,它与几个身体部位的癌症的联系仍然不确定。这里,我们旨在总结其与癌症风险和死亡率相关的科学证据,专注于在生物样品中进行铅测量的研究。
    方法:我们回顾了发表在PubMed和EMBASE上的文章,直到1月2日,2024年,量化了血液中测得的铅之间的流行病学关联,尿液,指甲,和其他生物介质,以及癌症风险和死亡率(总体和癌症部位/类型)。
    结果:我们纳入了1995-2023年发表的46篇文章(共8022篇),并报告了在15个国家进行的调查。在设计方面,20是潜在的,24个是回顾性病例对照研究,和2是横截面。在大多数研究中(n=28)确定了血液中的铅水平。最一致的证据是铅与胃肠道癌症的关联,尤其是食道,胃(RR范围从0.80到2.66),结肠直肠,和胰腺;以及膀胱和泌尿道(RR从1.10到2.89)。对于其他特定的恶性肿瘤,数据相互矛盾或过于有限,无法得出可靠的结论。最后,血液和尿液中铅浓度的增加始终与较高的总体癌症发病率和死亡率相关。
    结论:铅是一种广泛且高度持续的环境污染物,与多个身体部位的癌症有关。需要不断推广和实施旨在减少铅暴露机会的综合一级预防干预措施。
    OBJECTIVE: Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal and pervasive environmental contaminant, and a class 2 A carcinogen according to the IARC classification, yet its link with cancer at several body sites remains uncertain. Here, we aimed at summarizing the scientific evidence regarding its association with cancer risk and mortality, focusing on studies that carried out Pb measurements in biological samples.
    METHODS: We reviewed articles published in PubMed and EMBASE until January 2nd, 2024, that quantified the epidemiological association between Pb measured in blood, urine, nails, and other biological media, and cancer risk and mortality (overall and by cancer site/type).
    RESULTS: We included 46 articles (out of 8022 screened) published in 1995-2023 and reporting on investigations conducted in fifteen countries. In terms of design, 20 were prospective, 24 were retrospective case-control studies, and 2 were cross-sectional. Pb levels were determined in blood in the majority of studies (n=28). The most consistent evidence was for the association of Pb with cancer of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the oesophagus, stomach (RR ranging from 0.80 to 2.66), colon-rectum, and pancreas; and of the bladder and urinary tract (RR from 1.10 to 2.89). For other specific malignancies, the data were conflicting or too limited to draw reliable conclusions. Finally, increased Pb concentration in blood and urine was consistently associated with higher overall cancer incidence and mortality.
    CONCLUSIONS: Lead is a widespread and highly persistent environmental pollutant associated with cancer at multiple body sites. Comprehensive primary prevention interventions aiming at reducing opportunities for Pb exposure need to be continuously promoted and implemented.
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  • 文章类型: Systematic Review
    随着激素替代疗法(HRT)的使用增加,有必要了解其对女性恶性肿瘤发生的影响。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在评估与HRT相关的卵巢癌风险及其相关危险因素。
    PUBMED,OVID,Embase,科克伦,和WebofScience从1980年到2022年4月进行搜索,以确定有关卵巢癌和激素替代疗法风险的研究。随机效应模型用于估计卵巢癌中HRT的合并风险,在队列研究和病例对照研究中。此外,该分析检查了与不同类型的雌激素+孕激素方案相关的结局.采用Meta回归和敏感性分析评价异质性。
    分析了21项队列研究(涉及15,313例和4,564,785名参与者)和30项病例对照研究(包括18,738例和57,747名对照)。来自队列研究的HRT使用者的卵巢癌合并风险为1.20(95%置信区间[CI]1.01-1.44),来自病例对照研究的1.13(95CI1.04-1.22)。然而,在将研究时间限制在最近几十年之后,在2010年之后进行的队列研究和2006年之后进行的病例对照研究中,表明较高风险的显著结果消失了.此外,持续使用雌激素-孕激素替代治疗(EPRT)的风险与序贯使用的风险相当.亚组分析显示,雌激素替代治疗(ERT)和EPRT均存在较小的风险;随着暴露时间的延长,风险进一步增加。特别是超过10年的持续时间。此外,浆液性卵巢癌似乎比其他病理类型更易感。
    随着时间的推移,与HRT相关的卵巢癌风险一直在降低。然而,ERT可能会增加这种风险,特别是长时间使用时。建议长期用户考虑将连续EPRT作为更安全的替代方案。
    www.crd.约克。AC.英国/普华永道/,标识符CRD42022321279。
    UNASSIGNED: With the increasing use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), there is a need to understand its impact on the occurrence of female malignant tumors. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the risk of ovarian cancer associated with HRT and its related risk factors.
    UNASSIGNED: PUBMED, OVID, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science were searched from 1980 to April 2022 to identify studies on the risk of ovarian cancer and hormone replacement therapy. The random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled risk of HRT in ovarian cancer, both in cohort studies and case-control studies. Additionally, the analysis examined the outcomes associated with different types of estrogen plus progesterone regimens. Meta-regression and sensitive analysis were performed to evaluate the heterogeneity.
    UNASSIGNED: 21 cohort studies (involving 15,313 cases and 4,564,785 participants) and 30 case-control studies (including 18,738 cases and 57,747 controls) were analyzed. The pooled risks of ovarian cancer for HRT users were 1.20 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.44) from cohort studies and 1.13 (95%CI 1.04-1.22) from case-control studies. However, after restricting the study period to recent decades, the significant results indicating a higher risk disappeared in cohort studies conducted after 2010 and in case-control studies conducted after 2006. Furthermore, the continuous use of estrogen-progesterone replacement therapy (EPRT) was associated with a risk comparable to that of sequential use. Subgroup analysis showed that both estrogen replacement treatment (ERT) and EPRT had minor risks; The risk further increased with prolonged exposure time, particularly for durations exceeding 10 years. Additionally, serous ovarian cancer appeared to be more susceptible than other pathological types.
    UNASSIGNED: The risk of ovarian cancer associated with HRT has been decreasing over time. However, ERT may increase this risk, particularly when used for an extended period. It is recommended that long-time users consider continuous EPRT as a safer alternative.
    UNASSIGNED: www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022321279.
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  • 文章类型: Systematic Review
    维生素B12(B12)是一种涉及多种生物的分子。经常发现异常高的水平,但是它们的原因可能是多方面的,后果尚未明确阐明。这篇综述的目的是总结目前关于B12升高与癌症发展相关的证据。以及成人的全因死亡率。包括六篇关于死亡率的参考文献和七篇关于癌症风险的参考文献。证据表明,B12升高与癌症风险较高之间存在关联,风险比范围为1,88至5,9。维生素B12和死亡率相关的证据不那么一致。
    升高的B12水平超过1000pg/L,如果持续和无法解释,保证对每位患者进行全面的个人评估。此评估应包括导致海拔的各种潜在因素,旨在有效指导肿瘤疾病的诊断过程。临床纵向观察研究表明,B12水平升高与癌症和死亡风险之间存在潜在联系。尽管如此,这些研究是回顾性队列研究,并且缺乏B12水平的定义阈值点。研究表明,B12水平升高与肺部发病率呈正相关,胰腺,和肝癌,以及某些血液肿瘤,特别是那些与骨髓谱系有关的。相反,在乳腺癌的背景下观察到一致的负相关性.有关下胃肠道和前列腺肿瘤的发现显示出矛盾的结果。在已经诊断为癌症的患者中,B12水平升高的诊断意义仍然不确定,并且可能与反向因果关系有关。
    Vitamin B12 (B12) is a molecule involved in several biological. Abnormally high levels are frequently found, but their causes can be multiple, and consequences have not been clearly elucidated. The objective of this review was to summarize the current evidence on the associations of elevated B12 and the development of cancer, and all-cause mortality in adults. Six references looking at mortality and seven looking at cancer risk were included. The evidence suggests an association between elevated B12 with a higher risk of cancer, with risk ratios ranging 1,88 to 5,9. There was less consistent evidence linking vitamin B12 and mortality.
    Elevated B12 levels exceeding 1000 pg/L, if sustained and unexplainable, warrant a comprehensive individual assessment of each patient. This evaluation should encompass various potential factors contributing to the elevation, aiming to effectively guide the diagnostic process of neoplastic diseases.Clinical longitudinal observational studies have suggested a potential link between heightened B12 levels and the risks of cancer and mortality. Nonetheless, these studies have been retrospective cohort studies, and lack a defined threshold point of B12 levels.Studies have documented a positive correlation between elevated levels of B12 and the incidence of lung, pancreatic, and liver cancers, as well as certain hematological neoplasms, particularly those related to the myeloid lineage. Conversely, a consistent negative association has been observed in the context of breast cancer. Findings concerning neoplasms of the lower gastrointestinal tract and prostate display contradictory outcomes.The diagnostic significance of elevated B12 levels among patients already diagnosed with cancer remains uncertain and could potentially be linked to reverse causality.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:在许多西方人群中,饮酒和肥胖的比率正在增加。对于某些癌症类型,大量饮酒和肥胖均与风险增加独立相关.两者联合暴露是否会协同增加个体患癌症的风险尚不清楚。我们进行了系统评价,以评估酒精和肥胖是否相互作用,使癌症风险高于其作用的总和。
    方法:从PubMed的开始日期到2024年2月13日进行了系统的文献检索,Embase,Cochrane图书馆和WebofScience确定酒精的研究,肥胖,和癌症风险。如果有足够的数据,我们的目标是进行荟萃分析。
    结果:文献检索确定了17,740项潜在符合条件的研究。审查后,包括24项研究。根据个人体重指数(BMI),有11人报告了饮酒与癌症风险之间的关系,九份报告了根据饮酒情况,BMI与个体癌症风险之间的关系,六项研究检查了饮酒和肥胖对癌症风险的潜在协同作用。然而,在所研究的癌症中,没有足够的数据和显著的异质性来进行荟萃分析,因此进行了系统的回顾和叙事综合。总的来说,饮酒和超重/肥胖与不同癌症类型的癌症风险之间没有一致的相互作用模式.
    结论:虽然酒精和肥胖是一系列癌症的流行和重要危险因素,缺乏关于它们的联合暴露是否会协同增加个体患癌症风险的数据。需要对更多癌症类型进行进一步研究,以更好地了解饮酒和肥胖对癌症风险之间相互作用的性质。
    BACKGROUND: Rates of alcohol consumption and obesity are increasing in many Western populations. For some cancer types, both heavy alcohol consumption and obesity are independently associated with increased risk. Whether combined exposure to both synergistically increases an individual\'s risk of cancer is unclear. We performed a systematic review to assess whether alcohol and obesity interact to confer higher risk for cancer than the additive sum of their effects.
    METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted from the inception date to 13 February 2024 of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science to identify studies of alcohol, obesity, and cancer risk. We aimed to undertake a meta-analysis if there were sufficient data.
    RESULTS: The literature search identified 17,740 potentially eligible studies. After review, 24 studies were included. Eleven reported on the association between alcohol consumption and cancer risk in individuals according to their body mass index (BMI), nine reported on the association between BMI and cancer risk in individuals according to their alcohol consumption, and six studies examined potential synergistic interactions between alcohol consumption and obesity on cancer risk. However, there were insufficient data and significant heterogeneity in the cancers studied to undertake meta-analysis, therefore a systemic review and narrative synthesis was conducted. Overall, there was no consistent pattern of interaction between alcohol use and overweight/obesity on cancer risk across cancer types.
    CONCLUSIONS: While alcohol and obesity are prevalent and important risk factors for a range of cancers, data are lacking on whether their combined exposure may synergistically increase an individual\'s risk for cancer. Further study across more cancer types is required to better understand the nature of interactions between alcohol use and obesity on cancer risk.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:患有代谢综合征的个体同时表现出促血栓形成和促炎症状态,这更可能导致心血管疾病进展,2型糖尿病,和某些类型的癌症。本范围审查旨在强调癌症风险之间的关联,炎症,和代谢综合征。
    方法:执行搜索策略,混合关键字和MeSH术语,如“癌症风险”,“炎症”,“代谢综合征”,“肿瘤发生”,和“氧化应激”,并通过布尔运算符匹配它们。本研究共筛选了20份手稿。在选定的论文中,我们确定了一些与乳腺癌的关联,结直肠癌,食管腺癌,肝细胞癌(HCC),和癌症一般。
    结论:癌症及其相关进展也可能取决于与其他伴随疾病相关的潜在慢性炎症。包括2型糖尿病,代谢综合征,和肥胖。因此,预防可能有助于个人保护自己免受癌症的侵害。
    BACKGROUND: Individuals with metabolic syndrome exhibit simultaneously pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory conditions which more probably can lead to cardiovascular diseases progression, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and some types of cancer. The present scoping review is aimed at highlighting the association between cancer risk, inflammation, and metabolic syndrome.
    METHODS: A search strategy was performed, mixing keywords and MeSH terms, such as \"Cancer Risk\", \"Inflammation\", \"Metabolic Syndrome\", \"Oncogenesis\", and \"Oxidative Stress\", and matching them through Boolean operators. A total of 20 manuscripts were screened for the present study. Among the selected papers, we identified some associations with breast cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and cancer in general.
    CONCLUSIONS: Cancer and its related progression may also depend also on a latent chronic inflammatory condition associated with other concomitant conditions, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and obesity. Therefore, prevention may potentially help individuals to protect themselves from cancer.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    人们早已认识到,皮肤癌的病史会使人面临其他原发性皮肤癌的风险。然而,对于皮肤癌诊断后发生非皮肤原发性癌的风险,存在更多的可变数据.基底细胞癌(BCC)的数据变化最大,最常见和最不积极的皮肤癌类型。虽然早期的研究表明BCC不会给其他原发性非皮肤癌带来更大的风险,最近对更多人群的研究表明,情况并非如此。与BCC最显著相关的癌症是嘴唇,口咽,和唾液腺癌.也有新兴的证据表明BCC和前列腺之间存在联系,乳房,和结肠直肠癌,但是需要更多的数据来得出具体的结论。鳞状细胞癌(SCC),第二种最常见的皮肤癌,对其他非皮肤原发性恶性肿瘤的风险稍微更明确。SCC和非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)之间有显著的联系,可能是由于免疫抑制。SCC后也有其他源自鳞状上皮的癌症的风险增加,包括口咽,唇,和唾液腺癌.一些研究还表明SCC后呼吸道癌症的风险增加,可能是由于共同的风险因素。黑色素瘤,一种更严重的皮肤癌,显示了其他原发性非皮肤恶性肿瘤的明确风险。这些风险中最重要的包括NHL,甲状腺癌,前列腺癌,和乳腺癌以及许多其他癌症。这三种主要皮肤癌类型中的每一种都具有也与非皮肤恶性肿瘤相关的基因突变谱。在这次审查中,我们讨论了这些基因的选择,以突出不同肿瘤发生过程之间复杂的相互作用。
    It has long been recognized that a history of skin cancer puts one at risk for additional primary skin cancers. However, more variable data exists for the risk of developing a non-cutaneous primary cancer following a diagnosis of skin cancer. The data are most variable for Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC), the most common and least aggressive type of skin cancer. While early studies imply that BCC does not impart a larger risk of other primary non-cutaneous cancers, more recent studies with larger populations suggest otherwise. The cancers most significantly associated with BCC are lip, oropharyngeal, and salivary gland cancer. There is also burgeoning evidence to suggest a link between BCC and prostate, breast, and colorectal cancer, but more data are needed to draw a concrete conclusion. Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), the second most common type of skin cancer, has a slightly more defined risk to other non-cutaneous primary malignancies. There is a notable link between SCC and non-Hodgkin\'s lymphoma (NHL), possibly due to immunosuppression. There is also an increased risk of other cancers derived from squamous epithelium following SCC, including oropharyngeal, lip, and salivary gland cancer. Some studies also suggest an increased risk of respiratory tract cancer following SCC, possibly due to shared risk factors. Melanoma, a more severe type of skin cancer, shows a well-defined risk of additional primary non-cutaneous malignancies. The most significant of these risks include NHL, thyroid cancer, prostate cancer, and breast cancer along with a host of other cancers. Each of these three main skin cancer types has a profile of genetic mutations that have also been linked to non-cutaneous malignancies. In this review, we discuss a selection of these genes to highlight the complex interplay between different tumorigenesis processes.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    在印度,已经研究了多环芳烃的大气分布和相关的人类健康风险。然而,在印度没有全面的概述,这篇评论强调了可能的来源,以及生活在印度不同地区的人们的癌症风险。在不同的数据库中搜索了有关印度环境空气中多环芳烃的科学文献。数据库搜索显示,在过去14年中,1996年至2018年期间,在印度的139个地点进行了55项研究。根据印度不同的气候条件,对现有数据进行了分析和分发,分布在包括北部在内的四个区域,东,西部/中部和南部地区。据报道,北部地区的浓度相对较高,比东方,西部/中部和南部地区。东部地区∑PAHs的平均浓度较低,集中在北方,西部/中部和南部地区分别比东部地区高1.67、1.47和1.12倍。某些分子诊断比率和相关受体模型用于鉴定可能的来源,得出的结论是,热解和岩石活动都是印度环境中PAH排放的混合来源。估算并介绍了不同区域的苯并(a)芘毒性当量。由于吸入PAHs和随后,估计的慢性每日摄入量(CDI)在印度的各个地理区域,发现癌症风险(CR)从极低到低。
    Atmospheric distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and associated human health risks have been studied in India. However, a comprehensive overview is not available in India, this review highlights the possible sources, and associated cancer risks in people living in different zones of India. Different databases were searched for the scientific literature on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air in India. Database searches have revealed a total of 55 studies conducted at 139 locations in India in the last 14 years between 1996 and 2018. Based on varying climatic conditions in India, the available data was analysed and distributed with four zone including north, east, west/central and south zones. Comparatively higher concentrations were reported for locations in north zone, than east, west/central and south zones. The average concentrations of ∑PAHs is lower in east zone, and concentrations in north, west/central and south zones are higher by 1.67, 1.47, and 1.12 folds respectively than those in east zone. Certain molecular diagnostic ratios and correlation receptor models were used for identification of possible sources, which aided to the conclusion that both pyrogenic and petrogenic activities are the mixed sources of PAH emissions to the Indian environment. Benzo(a)pyrene toxicity equivalency for different zones is estimated and presented. Estimated Chronic daily intake (CDI) due to inhalation of PAHs and subsequently, cancer risk (CR) is found to be ranging from extremely low to low in various geographical zones of India.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    胰高血糖素样肽(GLP)-1受体激动剂的广泛应用,特别是semaglutide(Ozempic)用于糖尿病和肥胖症的管理,迫切需要评估其安全性,考虑到到2035年美国每年高达2000万张处方的估计。本系统评价旨在评估甲状腺癌的发病率,并详细说明与司马鲁肽相关的不良事件的范围。关注其对患者护理的影响。通过对PubMed的系统搜索,Scopus,和截至2023年12月的Embase数据库,涉及14,550名参与者的10项随机对照试验(RCT),7830接受司马鲁肽,被分析,另外还有18项研究单独讨论,因为它们报告了来自相同RCT的数据。该综述集中在甲状腺癌的发病率,胃肠道症状,和其他归因于司马鲁肽的显著不良事件。在司马鲁肽治疗的患者中,甲状腺癌的发病率低于1%,表明没有重大风险。不良事件主要是胃肠道,包括恶心(2.05%至19.95%)和腹泻(1.4%至13%)。鼻咽炎和呕吐也很明显,平均患病率为8.23%和5.97%,分别。其他不良事件包括脂肪酶水平升高(平均值为6.5%),头痛(平均患病率为7.92%),食欲下降(持续报告为7%),流感症状(平均患病率为5.23%),消化不良(平均患病率为5.18%),和便秘(平均患病率为6.91%)。严重不良事件从7%到25.2%不等,强调需要警惕的病人监测。这些发现强调了司马鲁肽不良事件的胃肠道性质,which,虽然普遍存在,并没有显著阻止其在治疗领域的临床益处。本系统评价对塞马鲁肽的安全性进行了全面评估,重点关注胃肠道不良事件和甲状腺癌的低发病率。尽管胃肠道症状普遍存在,司马鲁肽仍然是治疗糖尿病和肥胖症的有效选择。不良事件的详细表征强调了在临床实践中监测和管理这些影响的重要性。排除致癌假说。
    The broadening application of glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 receptor agonists, specifically semaglutide (Ozempic) for the management of diabetes and obesity brings a critical need to evaluate its safety profile, considering estimates of up to 20 million prescriptions per year in the US until 2035. This systematic review aims to assess the incidence of thyroid cancer and detail the spectrum of adverse events associated with semaglutide, focusing on its implications for patient care. Through a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases up to December 2023, ten randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 14,550 participants, with 7830 receiving semaglutide, were analyzed, with an additional number of 18 studies that were separately discussed because they reported data from the same RCTs. The review focused on thyroid cancer incidence, gastrointestinal symptoms, and other significant adverse events attributed to semaglutide. The incidence of thyroid cancer in semaglutide-treated patients was less than 1%, suggesting no significant risk. Adverse events were predominantly gastrointestinal, including nausea (2.05% to 19.95%) and diarrhea (1.4% to 13%). Nasopharyngitis and vomiting were also notable, with mean prevalences of 8.23% and 5.97%, respectively. Other adverse events included increased lipase levels (mean of 6.5%), headaches (mean prevalence of 7.92%), decreased appetite (reported consistently at 7%), influenza symptoms (mean prevalence of 5.23%), dyspepsia (mean prevalence of 5.18%), and constipation (mean prevalence of 6.91%). Serious adverse events varied from 7% to 25.2%, highlighting the need for vigilant patient monitoring. These findings underscore the gastrointestinal nature of semaglutide\'s adverse events, which, while prevalent, did not significantly deter from its clinical benefits in the treatment landscape. This systematic review provides a comprehensive assessment of semaglutide\'s safety profile, with a focus on gastrointestinal adverse events and a low incidence of thyroid cancer. Despite the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms, semaglutide remains an efficacious option for managing diabetes and obesity. The detailed characterization of adverse events underscores the importance of monitoring and managing these effects in clinical practice, excluding the hypothesis of carcinogenesis.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)酶通过催化许多疏水性和亲电子化合物与还原型谷胱甘肽的偶联,在解毒中起着至关重要的作用。GST基因的多态性可能会影响对各种癌症的易感性。包括黑色素瘤.
    我们报道了一项系统评价和荟萃分析,以评估GST多态性与皮肤黑色素瘤易感性之间的关联。
    对四个数据库进行全面搜索,即PubMed,Scopus,科克伦图书馆,和WebofScience,进行收集相关研究,直到2023年8月24日。搜索过程中没有施加任何限制。该分析包括32项研究,并根据种族分为亚组,控制源,控件匹配,质量评分,和样本量。
    对GSTM1,GSTT1,GSTM1/GSTT1组合和GSTP1多态性与黑色素瘤风险相关的森林地块分析显示,病例组和对照组之间没有统计学上的显着差异,除了GSTP1多态性的隐性模型。分析显示,在亚洲人和样本量小于200的研究中,GSTM1多态性与黑色素瘤风险之间存在显着关联。对于组合的GSTM1/GSTT1多态性,在以医院为基础的对照组中发现了显著的相关性.
    虽然这项研究增强了我们对影响黑色素瘤风险的遗传因素的理解,它还强调了进一步研究的必要性。目前的证据不足以证实或拒绝干预效果。未来的研究应该考虑基因-基因和基因-环境的相互作用,这可以提供对黑色素瘤复杂生物学的更全面的了解。
    UNASSIGNED: Glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes play a crucial role in detoxification by catalysing the conjugation of many hydrophobic and electrophilic compounds with reduced glutathione. Polymorphisms in GST genes may influence the susceptibility to various cancers, including melanoma.
    UNASSIGNED: We reported a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between GST polymorphisms and susceptibility to cutaneous melanoma.
    UNASSIGNED: A comprehensive search of four databases, namely PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, was conducted to gather pertinent studies up until 24 August 2023. No restrictions were imposed during the search. The analysis included 32 studies and was broken down into subgroups based on ethnicity, control source, control matching, quality score, and sample size.
    UNASSIGNED: The forest plot analyses on GSTM1, GSTT1, combined GSTM1/GSTT1, and GSTP1 polymorphisms in relation to melanoma risk showed no statistically significant differences between the case and control groups, except for the recessive model of GSTP1 polymorphism. The analysis revealed significant associations between GSTM1 polymorphisms and melanoma risk in Asians and in studies with a sample size of less than 200. For the combined GSTM1/GSTT1 polymorphisms, a significant association was found in hospital-based controls.
    UNASSIGNED: While this study enhances our understanding of the genetic factors influencing melanoma risk, it also highlights the need for further research. The current evidence is not sufficient to confirm or reject the intervention effect. Future research should consider gene-gene and gene-environment interactions, which could offer a more comprehensive understanding of the complex biology of melanoma.
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