怀孕期间消耗大麻会增加怀孕和新生儿并发症的风险。由于潜在的机制是未知的,这项研究的目的是评估暴露于大麻的孕妇的母体和胎儿血流的变化,Δ9-四氢大麻酚(THC)。
2013年至2020年的一项病例对照研究包括怀孕期间持续接触大麻的女性,通过定性检测尿液中的THC(大麻组),和低风险妊娠妇女分为吸烟者(烟草组),和非烟草吸烟者(对照组)。我们评估了大麻消费与通过多普勒超声测量的母体和胎儿血流参数之间的关联:11-14、20-22和33-35周的子宫动脉,脐动脉和大脑中动脉在33-35周。计算脑-胎盘比率。
总的来说,其中包括275名参与者,大麻集团60人,烟草组17人,对照组198人。在33-35周,脐动脉搏动指数(PI)差异有统计学意义(1.05±0.23,1.06±0.19,0.93±0.15,P<0.01),大脑中动脉PI(1.75±0.35,1.90±0.45,1.88±0.34,P<0.05),脑胎盘比(1.69±0.40,1.85±0.53,2.07±0.47,P<0.05)和平均子宫动脉PI(0.89±0.26,0.73±0.19,0.74±0.20,P<0.01),分别。在逻辑回归分析中,根据产妇年龄调整,产妇体重指数,母亲的体重和白人种族,大麻和烟草都是脐动脉PI增加的预测因子,但仅大麻是33-35周时脑-胎盘比率降低和子宫动脉PI升高的预测因子.
大量连续接触大麻怀孕的数据表明,大麻与母体和胎儿血流量变化有关。然而,不可能解开烟草和大麻的联系。
Cannabis consumption during pregnancy increases the risk of pregnancy and neonatal complications. Since the underlying mechanism is unknown, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the changes in maternal and fetal blood flow in pregnancies exposed to cannabis, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).
A
case-control study between 2013 and 2020, included women with continued cannabis exposure during the pregnancies, defined by qualitative detection of THC in urine (Cannabis Group), and low-risk pregnancy women divided into tobacco smokers (Tobacco Group), and non-tobacco smokers (Control Group). We evaluated the association between cannabis consumption and maternal and fetal blood flow parameters measured by Doppler ultrasound: uterine artery at 11-14, 20-22 and 33-35 weeks, umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery at 33-35 weeks. Cerebral-placental ratio was calculated.
Overall, 275 participants were included, 60 in the Cannabis Group, 17 in the Tobacco Group and 198 in the Control Group. At 33-35 weeks, differences were found in the umbilical artery pulsatility index (PI) (1.05 ± 0.23, 1.06 ± 0.19, 0.93 ± 0.15, P < 0.01), middle cerebral artery PI (1.75 ± 0.35, 1.90 ± 0.45, 1.88 ± 0.34, P < 0.05), cerebral-placental ratio (1.69 ± 0.40, 1.85 ± 0.53, 2.07 ± 0.47, P < 0.05) and mean uterine artery PI (0.89 ± 0.26, 0.73 ± 0.19, 0.74 ± 0.20, P < 0.01), respectively. On logistic regression analysis, adjusted for maternal age, maternal body mass index, maternal weight and white ethnicity, both cannabis and tobacco were predictors for increased umbilical artery PI, but only cannabis was a predictor for a decreased cerebral-placental ratio and an increased uterine artery PI at 33-35 weeks.
Data from a large cohort of continuous cannabis exposure pregnancies show that cannabis is associated with maternal and fetal blood flow changes. However, it is not possible to disentangle the association of the tobacco and cannabis.