牛兽医经常面对奶牛的乳头病变。与乳牛相比,奶牛对乳头病变的诊断和治疗以及临床医生之间的实践经验交流的研究数量很多。本病例报告的目的是描述奶牛乳头狭窄的成功治疗方法,并讨论可能的挑战。一头四岁的西门塔尔母牛,在她第三次哺乳和4天的牛奶中,由于左前四分之一的乳头狭窄,她和小腿一起被转诊到我们的诊所。在先前的哺乳期间,所有者反复使用刚性乳头套管来缓解狭窄。然而,母牛拒绝让当前的小牛哺乳受影响的乳头,并拒绝了主人为乳头插管的尝试。临床检查结果,超声检查,牛奶取样显示近端狭窄,中间,和左前乳头水箱的远端部分,伴有脊髓炎和胸膜炎以及轻度慢性临床乳腺炎。根据已发布的建议,脊髓炎的治疗,池炎,乳腺炎是在手术解决狭窄之前开始的。治疗的第一周包括给予含有头孢替林和泼尼松龙的乳房内产品,全身性非甾体抗炎药,蜡奶嘴,和乳头的包扎。此后,治疗减少到插入蜡乳头布吉和包扎。保守治疗导致乳腺炎的消退,池炎,乳头的近端和中部狭窄,这很可能是由主人反复插管乳头引起的。然后使用外侧镜切除远端狭窄,这是原发性病变。手术伤口愈合和肿胀消退发生在术后几天,和小牛的第一次尝试哺乳的乳头是成功的。手术后2周,母牛和小牛出院。手术后4.5个月的随访显示,小牛仍在护理乳头,手术季度正在生产正常量的牛奶。
Bovine veterinarians are regularly confronted with teat lesions in cows. The number of studies on the diagnosis and treatment of teat lesions as well as the exchange of practical experience among clinicians are extensive in dairy cows compared with suckler cows. The aim of this
case report was to describe the successful treatment of teat stenosis in a suckler cow and discuss possible challenges. A four-year-old Simmental cow, in her third lactation and 4 days in milk, was referred to our clinic along with her calf because of teat stenosis in the front left quarter. The owner had repeatedly used a rigid teat cannula in an attempt to relieve the stenosis during the previous lactation. However, the cow had refused to allow the current calf to suckle the affected teat and resisted attempts by the owner to cannulate the teat. The results of clinical examination, ultrasonography, and milk sampling showed stenosis of the proximal, middle, and distal parts of the front left teat cistern, accompanied by thelitis and cisternitis and mild chronic clinical mastitis. Based on published recommendations, treatment of the thelitis, cisternitis, and mastitis was initiated before resolution of the stenosis surgically. The first week of treatment included the administration of an intramammary product containing cefapirin and prednisolone, a systemic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, a wax teat-boogie, and bandaging of the teat. Thereafter, the treatment was reduced to insertion of a wax-teat boogie and bandaging. Conservative treatment resulted in resolution of the mastitis, cisternitis, and stenosis in the proximal and middle parts of the teat, which had most likely been caused by repeated cannulation of the teat by the owner. Lateral theloscopy was then used to remove the distal stenosis, which was the primary lesion. Healing of the surgical wound and resolution of the swelling occurred several days postoperatively, and the calf\'s first attempt to suckle the teat was successful. The cow and calf were discharged from the clinic 2 weeks after surgery. A follow-up visit 4.5 months after surgery revealed that the calf was still nursing the teat and the operated quarter was producing a normal amount of milk.