背景:自然主义和安慰剂对照研究表明,ayahuasca,一种源自亚马逊土著传统的强效迷幻饮料,可以改善心理健康,改变人格结构,减少酒精和药物的摄入。为了更好地了解ayahuasca的治疗潜力,并确定影响治疗效果的因素,我们进行了自然主义,使用一系列全面的自我报告问卷,对幼稚参与者的促进ayahuasca消费进行纵向研究。材料和方法:要求注册参加ayahuasca仪式的Ayahuasca幼稚个体完成一系列经过验证的评估心理健康的问卷,酒精/大麻的使用,关系,个性,以及与自我和灵性的联系,在参加ayahuasca仪式之前和一个月后。仪式后7天还评估了两种心理健康措施(DASS-21和PANAS)的数据以及通过MEQ-30进行的急性主观影响。重复测量方差分析用于检查前后变化,和Pearson相关性探讨了结局改善的预测因素。结果:53名与会者(32名女性,21名男性)完成了ayahuasca前后的评估,其中55.6%的样本报告了基于MEQ-30的完整神秘体验。ayahuasca一个月后,抑郁症显著减少,焦虑,压力,酒精和大麻的使用,身体解离,接受外部影响,自我疏离,冲动,和负面影响/情感。在积极情绪中发现了显着的增加,自我效能感,真实的生活,外向,令人愉快,思想开放,灵性,以及对人际关系的满意度。虽然神秘经验的各个方面对结果指标几乎没有预测效度,基线性状,特别是高负面情绪和身体分离,自我效能感低下,有力地预测了精神健康和酒精/大麻使用的改善,和人格结构的改变与更好的心理健康有关。讨论:这项研究表明,在幼稚的参与者中促进ayahuasca的消费可能会促进心理健康的广泛改善,关系,人格结构,酒精的使用。基线特征和治疗改善之间的关联标志着迈向个性化的重要第一步,以精准为基础的医学和随机对照试验来证实和阐述这些发现。贡献声明:纵向,观察性研究和随机对照临床试验表明,ayahuasca可能对心理健康和酒精/大麻的使用产生治疗作用,改变人格结构。然而,目前尚不清楚改善是否具有诊断特异性,预测治疗获益的因素尚未得到广泛阐明.这个纵向,观察性研究检查了促进ayahuasca消费对幼稚参与者心理健康的影响,酒精和物质使用/滥用,人格特质,关系,以及与自我和灵性的联系。我们发现这些领域在治疗后1个月有广泛的改善,并确定了预测主要结果指标前后变化的基线特征。改进不是诊断特异性的,这表明ayahuasca通常是有效的。人格特质,身体解离,自我效能是治疗改善的有力预测因子,标志着迈向个性化的重要第一步,精准医学。随机对照试验有必要证实和阐述这些发现。
Background: Naturalistic and placebo-controlled studies suggest
ayahuasca, a potent psychedelic beverage originating from Indigenous Amazonian tradition, may improve mental health, alter personality structure, and reduce alcohol and drug intake. To better understand ayahuasca\'s therapeutic potential and to identify factors that influence therapeutic efficacy, we conducted a naturalistic, longitudinal
study of facilitated
ayahuasca consumption in naïve participants using a comprehensive battery of self-report questionnaires. Materials and Methods:
Ayahuasca naive individuals registering for
ayahuasca ceremonies were asked to complete a range of validated questionnaires assessing mental health, alcohol/cannabis use, relationships, personality, and connection to self and spirituality, prior to and 1 month after attending an ayahuasca ceremony. Data for two mental health measures (the DASS-21 and PANAS) and acute subjective effects via the MEQ-30 were also assessed 7 days post-ceremony. Repeated measures ANOVA were used to examine pre-to-post changes, and Pearson correlations explored predictors of improvement in outcomes. Results: Fifty-three attendees (32 women, 21 men) completed pre and post ayahuasca assessments with 55.6% of the sample reporting a complete mystical experience based on the MEQ-30. One-month post-ayahuasca, significant reductions were identified in depression, anxiety, stress, alcohol and cannabis use, body dissociation, accepting external influence, self-alienation, impulsivity, and negative affect/emotionality. Significant increases were identified in positive mood, self-efficacy, authentic living, extraversion, agreeableness, open-mindedness, spirituality, and satisfaction with relationships. While facets of the mystical experience held little predictive validity on outcome measures, baseline traits, particularly high negative emotionality and body dissociation, and low sense of self-efficacy, robustly predicted improvements in mental health and alcohol/cannabis use, and alterations in personality structure which are linked to better mental health. Discussion: This
study suggests facilitated
ayahuasca consumption in naïve participants may precipitate wide-ranging improvements in mental health, relationships, personality structure, and alcohol use. Associations between baseline traits and therapeutic improvements mark an important first step toward personalized, precision-based medicine and warrant randomized controlled trials to confirm and elaborate on these findings. Contribution Statement: Longitudinal, observational studies and randomized clinical control trials suggest ayahuasca may exert therapeutic effects on mental health and alcohol/cannabis use, and alter personality structure. However, it is unclear if improvements are diagnosis-specific and factors that predict therapeutic gains have yet to be extensively elucidated. This longitudinal, observational
study examined the effects of facilitated
ayahuasca consumption in naive participants on mental health, alcohol and substance use/abuse, personality traits, relationships, and connection to self and spirituality. We found wide-ranging improvements 1-month post-treatment across these domains, and identified baseline traits which predict pre-to-post changes on primary outcome measures. Improvements were not diagnostic-specific, suggesting ayahuasca may be generally efficacious. Personality traits, body dissociation, and self-efficacy were strong predictors of therapeutic improvements, marking an important first step toward personalized, precision-based medicine. Randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm and elaborate on these findings.