主动脉瓣狭窄(AS)是一种严重而复杂的疾病,优化管理继续快速发展。了解当前的临床实践指南对于有效的患者护理和共享决策至关重要。2021年欧洲心脏病学会/欧洲心胸外科协会指南和2020年美国心脏病学会/美国心脏协会指南的最新评论根据迄今为止的证据比较了他们对AS的建议。除了三个关键区别外,欧洲和美国的指导方针总体上是一致的。首先,欧洲指南建议在左心室射血分数为55%时进行干预,与美国无症状患者指南中超过60%的连续成像相比。第二,欧洲指南建议外科生物假体的阈值≥65岁,而美国指南采用了多种年龄类别,为患者因素和偏好提供纬度。第三,指南认可了经导管与外科主动脉瓣置换术,尽管证据有限。这篇评论还讨论了表明机械阀门更换比例下降的趋势。最后,该综述确定了文献中的空白,包括无症状患者的经导管主动脉瓣植入术,罗斯程序的适当性,主动脉瓣置换术伴随冠状动脉血运重建,和双尖as。总结一下,这项最新的审查比较了最新的欧洲和美国关于AS管理的指南,以突出三个方面的分歧:干预的时机,阀门选择,和手术vs.经导管主动脉瓣置换术标准。
Aortic stenosis (AS) is a serious and complex condition, for which optimal management continues to evolve rapidly. An understanding of current clinical practice
guidelines is critical to effective patient care and shared decision-making. This state of the art review of the 2021 European Society of Cardiology/European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Guidelines and 2020 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guidelines compares their recommendations for AS based on the evidence to date. The European and American
guidelines were generally congruent with the exception of three key distinctions. First, the European
guidelines recommend intervening at a left ventricular ejection fraction of 55%, compared with 60% over serial imaging by the American
guidelines for asymptomatic patients. Second, the European
guidelines recommend a threshold of ≥65 years for surgical bioprosthesis, whereas the American guidelines employ multiple age categories, providing latitude for patient factors and preferences. Third, the guidelines endorse different age cut-offs for transcatheter vs. surgical aortic valve replacement, despite limited evidence. This review also discusses trends indicating a decreasing proportion of mechanical valve replacements. Finally, the review identifies gaps in the literature for areas including transcatheter aortic valve implantation in asymptomatic patients, the appropriateness of Ross procedures, concomitant coronary revascularization with aortic valve replacement, and bicuspid AS. To summarize, this state of the art review compares the latest European and American guidelines on the management of AS to highlight three areas of divergence: timing of intervention, valve selection, and surgical vs. transcatheter aortic valve replacement criteria.