背景:不到1%的儿童和青少年健康研究报告青少年参与健康研究。这归因于研究人员和青少年在参与过程中遇到的障碍。为了解决青少年参与不足的问题,我们首先需要更好地了解阻碍青少年参与健康研究的因素。
目的:我们对综述进行了综述,以巩固关于青少年有意义地参与健康研究的障碍的综述水平证据。
方法:我们在PROSPERO(CRD42021287467)中预先注册了该综述综述。我们搜索了11个数据库;谷歌学者;和PROSPERO;通过手工搜索符合条件的评论的参考列表,相关期刊,472个组织的网站,和专家的意见。这导致纳入了99篇综述文章,探讨青少年参与青少年身心健康研究,它们是叙述综合的。青少年研究人员参与了审查的所有阶段。
结果:我们发现,青少年参与健康研究受到研究人员和青少年所经历的一些挑战的阻碍。研究人员遇到的一些挑战是组织问题,其中包括有限的资源,守门和付钱的青少年。一些障碍与研究人员缺乏准备有关,包括缺乏对青少年参与的认识,需要培训和指导,以及对参与式研究的消极态度。青少年如何参与也存在障碍,例如研究人员发现适应新方法具有挑战性,招募和留住青少年的问题,包容性和可访问性。还有青少年特有的挑战,如青少年的技能和专业知识,培训,动机和学习目标。最后,与青少年道德参与相关的障碍包括权力动态问题,保密性,青少年的安全和保护。青少年报告的一些障碍包括象征性的参与,无法进入青少年的参与,和他们相互竞争的要求。
结论:研究人员可能发现这篇综述有助于理解和规划青少年参与研究的潜在挑战。尽管已经确定了许多阻碍青少年参与的障碍,解决这些障碍的缓解策略很少。显然有必要建立有意义的青少年参与健康研究的最佳做法。
■青少年参与了这次综述综述的多个阶段。他们审查了协议,在标题和摘要筛选阶段筛选了25%的文章,筛选了10%的全文文章,从事数据分析工作。他们还帮助计划并与青少年咨询小组一起举办参与性讲习班,讨论青少年在健康研究中遇到的挑战。
BACKGROUND: Less than 1% of studies on child and adolescent health report the involvement of adolescents in health research. This is attributed to barriers experienced by researchers and adolescents in the engagement process. To address this under-involvement of adolescents, we first need a better understanding of the factors that hinder adolescent involvement in health research.
OBJECTIVE: We conducted an umbrella
review of reviews to consolidate the
review-level evidence on the barriers to meaningful involvement of adolescents in health research.
METHODS: We preregistered this umbrella
review of reviews with PROSPERO (CRD42021287467). We searched 11 databases; Google Scholar; and PROSPERO; supplemented by a hand search of the reference lists of eligible reviews, relevant journals, websites of 472 organisations, and input from experts. This resulted in the inclusion of 99
review articles exploring adolescent involvement in studies on adolescent physical or mental health, which were narratively synthesised. Adolescent coresearchers were engaged at all stages of the
review.
RESULTS: We found that adolescent involvement in health research is impeded by several challenges experienced by researchers and adolescents. Some challenges experienced by researchers were organisational issues which included limited resources, gatekeeping and paying adolescents. Some barriers were related to a lack of preparedness among researchers and included a lack of awareness of adolescent involvement, the need for training and guidance, and negative attitudes towards participatory research. There were also barriers around how adolescents can be involved, such as researchers finding it challenging to adapt to new methods, issues with recruitment and retention of adolescents, inclusiveness and accessibility. There were also challenges specific to adolescents, such as adolescents\' skills and expertise, training, motivations and study goals. Finally, barriers related to the ethical involvement of adolescents included issues with power dynamics, confidentiality, safety and protection of adolescents. Some of the barriers reported by adolescents included tokenistic involvement, inaccessibility of adolescent involvement, and their competing demands.
CONCLUSIONS: Researchers may find this review useful in understanding and planning for potential challenges of involving adolescents in research. Despite many identified barriers to adolescent engagement, few mitigation strategies were identified to address these barriers. There is a clear need to establish best practices for meaningful adolescent involvement in health research.
UNASSIGNED: Adolescents were involved at multiple stages of this umbrella
review of reviews. They reviewed the protocol, screened 25% of the articles at title and abstract screening stage, screened 10% of full-text articles, and worked on data analysis. They also helped plan and conduct a participatory workshop with an adolescent advisory group to discuss the challenges experienced by adolescents in health research.