视网膜血管疾病是导致失明和部分视力认证的主要原因。通过将自适应光学(AO)应用于常规成像模式,视网膜血管的微观结构可以观察到高空间分辨率,因此为探索人体微循环提供了独特的机会。本系统综述的目的是描述通过AO泛光照明检眼镜(FIO)和AO扫描激光检眼镜(SLO)成像的视网膜血管生物标志物的当前状态。2020年7月9日,在PubMed和Scopus数据库中进行了文献研究。从217项筛选研究中,42人有资格参加这次审查。所有研究都对其内容进行了质量检查。在使用相同模式的至少三项研究中,对报告的相同病理的生物标志物进行了荟萃分析。最常研究的血管生物标志物是内径(ID),外径(OD),顶骨厚度(PT),墙横截面积(WCSA),和壁腔比(WLR)。AO血管生物标志物的适用性已主要在使用AOFIO的全身性高血压和使用AOSLO的糖尿病中进行了探索。高血压患者的荟萃分析结果显示,PT,与健康对照组相比,ID和ID有显著差异,而WCSA没有(分别为P<0.001,P=0.002,P<0.001和P=0.070)。提交的审查表明,尽管在AOen面部成像中已经探索了大量的视网膜血管生物标志物,需要进一步的临床研究和程序标准化,以验证此类生物标志物用于动脉高血压和其他疾病的纵向监测.
Retinal vascular diseases are a leading cause for blindness and partial sight certifications. By applying adaptive optics (AO) to conventional imaging modalities, the microstructures of the retinal vasculature can be observed with high spatial resolution, hence offering a unique opportunity for the exploration of the human microcirculation. The objective of this systematic
review is to describe the current state of retinal vascular biomarkers imaged by AO flood illumination ophthalmoscopy (FIO) and AO scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO). A literature research was conducted in the PubMed and Scopus databases on July 9, 2020. From 217 screened studies, 42 were eligible for this
review. All studies underwent a quality check regarding their content. A meta-analysis was performed for the biomarkers reported for the same pathology in at least three studies using the same modality. The most frequently studied vascular biomarkers were the inner diameter (ID), outer diameter (OD), parietal thickness (PT), wall cross-sectional area (WCSA), and wall-to-lumen ratio (WLR). The applicability of AO vascular biomarkers has been mostly explored in systemic hypertension using AO FIO and in diabetes using AO SLO. The result of the meta-analysis for hypertensive patients showed that WLR, PT, and ID were significantly different when compared to healthy controls, while WCSA was not (P < 0.001, P = 0.002, P < 0.001, and P = 0.070, respectively). The presented
review shows that, although a substantial number of retinal vascular biomarkers have been explored in AO en face imaging, further clinical research and standardization of procedures is needed to validate such biomarkers for the longitudinal monitoring of arterial hypertension and other diseases.