抗精子抗体(ASA)可能是某些个体不育的原因。它们可能影响生殖过程的受精前和受精后阶段。在鉴定与受精相关的精子抗原方面正在取得进展。用于此目的的方法包括重组DNA技术和最先进的蛋白质组分析。本文列举了为了鉴定和表征免疫反应性精子抗原而采取的不同方法。我们主要关注这些,它们的免疫避孕潜力已经被研究过,尽管不可能在一篇文章中包含有关该主题的所有已发布数据。很少有新的精子自身和同种抗原,最近发现的,即使它们在受精中的作用尚未确定,也进行了审查。
Antisperm antibodies (ASA) may be a reason of infertility in some individuals. They may affect pre- as well as post-fertilization stages of the reproductive process. There is ongoing progress in the identification of sperm antigens related to fertilization. The employed methods for this purpose include recombinant DNA technology and the most advanced proteomic analysis. This paper enlists the different approaches undertaken in order to identify and characterize the immunoreactive sperm antigens. We have mainly focused on those, which have been already studied in regard of their immunocontraceptive potential, although it has been impossible to include all published data concerning the topic in a single article. Few novel sperm auto- and isoantigens, discovered recently, have also been reviewed even if their role in fertilization has not been yet established.