牦牛(Bosgrunniens)与普通奶牛(Bostaurus)密切相关,但显然是一个独特的物种。在亚洲某些高海拔地区,牦牛对食品和皮革生产具有重要意义。其他地方的动物也在增加,主要是因为它的牛奶对健康有益。像所有的反刍动物一样,这种动物的肠道里有一个复杂的微生物群落,对其生理学至关重要。尽管牦牛是重要的家畜,其肠道微生物群的组成以及其特定的高海拔环境如何指导其组成在很大程度上仍未被分类。因此,在线数据库(Embase,Medline所有,WebofScience核心合集,Cochrane中央控制试验登记册,和谷歌学者)搜索了关于牦牛肠道微生物群的文章。区域之间的汇总分类学丰度进行了比较,性别,不同年龄段,和喂养模式。通过合并的平均分类学丰度建立了不同牦牛肠段的肠道微生物群分布。共有34项研究符合纳入标准,并获得了982例独特牦牛肠道微生物群样本的信息。对总体汇集的微生物群的分析揭示了牦牛肠道的分段微生物群落组成。牦牛瘤胃微生物区系受区域差异影响显著,性别,和喂养模式,后一个因素在这方面占主导地位。牦牛微生物组由喂养策略塑造,为改善动物的健康和生产力提供了一条明显的途径。更一般地说,目前对生理肠道微生物组的分段描述提供了对这种动物的微生物学如何适应于帮助牦牛与高海拔栖息地的竞争的见解。
The
yak (Bos grunniens) is closely related to common cows (Bos taurus), but is clearly a distinct species. Yaks are of substantial importance to food and leather production in certain high-altitude regions of Asia. The animal is increasing elsewhere as well, mainly because of the perceived health benefits of its milk. Like all ruminants, the animal harbors a complex community of microbial cells in its gut, crucial for its physiology. Despite yaks being important domestic animals, the composition of its gut microbiota and how the composition is guided by its specific high-altitude environment remains largely uncategorized. Hence, online databases (Embase, Medline ALL, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar) were searched for articles on
yak intestinal microbiota. The pooled taxonomic abundance was compared between regions, sexes, different age groups, and feeding patterns. The gut microbiota distribution across different
yak intestinal segments was established through pooled average taxonomic abundance. A total of 34 studies met the inclusion criteria and yielded information on 982 unique yak gut microbiota samples. An analysis of overall pooled microbiota revealed a segmented microbial community composition of the yak gut.
Yak rumen microbiota was significantly influenced by difference in region, sex, and feeding patterns, the latter factor being dominant in this respect.
Yak microbiome is shaped by the feeding strategy and provides an obvious avenue for improving health and productivity of the animal. More generally, the current segmental description of physiological gut microbiome provides insight into how the microbiology of this animal has adapted itself to help comping yaks with its high-altitude habitat.