互联网游戏障碍(IGD)是一种潜在的精神障碍,目前已包含在最新(第五)版的《精神疾病诊断和统计手册》(DSM-5)的第三部分中,需要进行额外的研究。主要手册。尽管该领域的研究工作有所增加,关于使用的各自标准以及作为精神健康关注的状况,存在持续的辩论。而不是使用基于主观症状经验的诊断标准,美国国家心理健康研究所提倡使用研究领域标准(RDoC),该标准可能支持根据可观察行为和神经生物学措施的维度对精神障碍进行分类,因为精神障碍被视为涉及大脑回路的生物学障碍,涉及特定认知领域,情感,和行为。因此,IGD应该根据其潜在的神经生物学进行分类,以及它的主观症状体验。因此,本文的目的是在现有文献的基础上,对与IGD相关的神经生物学因素进行综述。总之,在ProQuest上确定了853项有关神经生物学相关性的研究(在以下学术数据库中:ProQuest心理学期刊,心术,PsycINFO,应用社会科学索引和摘要,和ERIC)和MEDLINE,随着排除标准的应用,总共审查了27项研究,使用功能磁共振成像,rsfMRI,VBM,PET,和脑电图方法。结果表明,健康对照组和IGD患者之间存在显着的神经生物学差异。纳入的研究表明,与健康对照相比,游戏成瘾者的反应抑制和情绪调节较差,前额叶皮质(PFC)功能和认知控制受损,工作记忆和决策能力较差,视觉和听觉功能下降,他们的神经元奖励系统缺乏,类似于在与物质相关的成瘾个体中发现的那些。这表明与物质相关的成瘾和行为成瘾具有共同的诱发因素,并且可能是成瘾综合征的一部分。未来的研究应该侧重于在不同的文化背景下复制报告的发现,支持对IGD和相关疾病进行分类的神经生物学基础。
Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) is a potential mental disorder currently included in the third section of the latest (fifth) edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-5) as a condition that requires additional research to be included in the main manual. Although research efforts in the area have increased, there is a continuing debate about the respective criteria to use as well as the status of the condition as mental health concern. Rather than using diagnostic criteria which are based on subjective symptom experience, the National Institute of Mental Health advocates the use of Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) which may support classifying mental disorders based on dimensions of observable behavior and neurobiological measures because mental disorders are viewed as biological disorders that involve brain circuits that implicate specific domains of cognition, emotion, and behavior. Consequently, IGD should be classified on its underlying neurobiology, as well as its subjective symptom experience. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to
review the neurobiological correlates involved in IGD based on the current literature base. Altogether, 853 studies on the neurobiological correlates were identified on ProQuest (in the following scholarly databases: ProQuest Psychology Journals, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, and ERIC) and on MEDLINE, with the application of the exclusion criteria resulting in reviewing a total of 27 studies, using fMRI, rsfMRI,
VBM, PET, and EEG methods. The results indicate there are significant neurobiological differences between healthy controls and individuals with IGD. The included studies suggest that compared to healthy controls, gaming addicts have poorer response-inhibition and emotion regulation, impaired prefrontal cortex (PFC) functioning and cognitive control, poorer working memory and decision-making capabilities, decreased visual and auditory functioning, and a deficiency in their neuronal reward system, similar to those found in individuals with substance-related addictions. This suggests both substance-related addictions and behavioral addictions share common predisposing factors and may be part of an addiction syndrome. Future research should focus on replicating the reported findings in different cultural contexts, in support of a neurobiological basis of classifying IGD and related disorders.