■旋毛虫病是由旋毛虫属线虫引起的世界性动物肌钙病,可对人类健康构成风险。在旋毛虫的种类中,T.螺旋是最常见的代表。人类感染的主要来源是食用生肉或未煮熟的肉(尤其是来自猪的肉,野猪和马)。旋毛虫感染是意大利最常见的寄生虫病之一,直到1959年开始对屠宰的猪中的这些寄生虫进行强制性筛查。由于对该主题的最后一次审查是在1989年进行的,因此我们研究的目的是描述1989年至2017年意大利旋毛虫病的流行病学。
■我们在Pubmed(MEDLINE)中进行了系统研究。
■我们在我们的综述研究中纳入了发表在同行评审文献中的MESH术语“旋毛虫病”和“意大利”。唯一的限制是语言(文章应该是英语,意大利语,西班牙文或法文),出版日期:1989年至2017年3月。我们排除了所有涉及动物旋毛虫病或仅关注旋毛虫分子生物学或诊断技术的文章。
■我们发现了56项研究,但只有8人被认为是合格的。在学习期间,在意大利发生了764例旋毛虫病:由T.Britovi引起的13.7%和由T.spiralis引起的84.4%;在14例中,未进行寄生虫的鉴定。疫情发生在翁布里亚,皮埃蒙特,普利亚(1990年500例,由T.spiralis),Basilicata,托斯卡纳,阿布鲁佐,EmiliaRomagna,撒丁岛.2001年和2008年,拉齐奥和威尼托分别发生了两次疫情,而是从国外进口的。最重要的感染来源是:马肉(82.2%);野猪肉(11.9%);猪肉(5.9%)。
■旋毛虫病仍然存在于意大利,但经常被全科医生和传染病专家遗忘。提高医生和兽医对这种寄生虫病的认识至关重要。严格的监视,特别是来自流行国家或野生动物的肉类产品,对于大大降低感染的风险是必要的。
UNASSIGNED: Trichinellosis is a worldwide zooantroponosis caused by a nematode of the genus
Trichinella that can pose a risk to human health. Among the species of
Trichinella, T. Spiralis is the most common represented. The main source of human infection is the consumption of raw or undercooked meat (especially from pigs, wild boars and horses). Infection with
Trichinella was one of the most frequent parasitic diseases in Italy until 1959 when obligatory screening for these parasites in slaughtered swines was introduced. As the last
review on this topic was performed in 1989, the aim of our study was to describe the epidemiology of Trichinellosis in Italy from 1989 to 2017.
UNASSIGNED: We performed a systematic research in Pubmed (MEDLINE).
UNASSIGNED: We included in our
review studies that were published in the peer reviewed literature using the MESH terms \"Trichinellosis\" and \"Italy\". The only restrictions were the language (articles should be in English, Italian, Spanish or French) and the date of publication: from 1989 to March 2017. We excluded all the articles which referred to trichinellosis in the animals or which focused only on molecular biology of trichinella or on diagnostic techniques.
UNASSIGNED: We found 56 studies, but only 8 were considered eligible. During the study period, 764 cases of Trichinellosis occurred in Italy: 13.7% caused by T. Britovi and 84.4% by T. spiralis; in 14 cases the identification of the parasite was not performed. The outbreaks occurred in Umbria, Piedmont, Apulia (500 cases in 1990, by T. spiralis), Basilicata, Tuscany, Abruzzo, Emilia Romagna, Sardinia. In 2001 and in 2008 two outbreaks occurred in Lazio and Veneto respectively, but imported from abroad. The most important sources of infections were: horse meat (82.2%); wild boar meat (11.9%); pig meat (5.9%).
UNASSIGNED: Trichinellosis is still present in Italy, but often forgotten by general practitioners and infectious diseases specialists. It\'s pivotal to improve awareness about this parasitic disease in Physicians and veterinarians. A strict surveillance, especially on meat products from endemic countries or from wild animals is necessary to considerably reduce the risk of acquiring the infection.