背景:龋齿是世界范围内最常见的慢性疾病之一,影响终身以及儿童。因此,在龋齿预防方面,在较年轻的人群中,明确与儿童早期龋齿(ECC)相关的因素非常重要.然而,在21世纪发达国家,ECC的患病率较低,需要进行大规模调查以明确其风险因素.此外,在大多数ECC研究中没有考虑早期的牙齿萌出,即使它可能是ECC的一个因素。本研究调查了日本核心城市18个月大的儿童龋齿的患病率和危险因素。
方法:分析了7351名18个月大的儿童的研究结果。人体测量身高和体重,以及口腔检查和微生物龋齿风险测试,被执行了。此外,向父母或监护人提供了一份结构化的采访单。使用逻辑回归模型评估18月龄龋齿的发现。
结果:在注册的孩子中,1.2%的人患过龋齿。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,二胎患龋与18月龄患龋有显著相关性(OR=1.78;95%CI:1.08~2.93,P<0.05)。第三及以后的儿童(OR=2.08;95%CI:1.12-3.89,P<0.05),12颗或更少长出的牙齿(OR=0.47;95%CI:0.24-0.96,P<0.05),17颗或更多颗萌出的牙齿(OR=4.37;95%CI:1.63-11.7,P<0.01),Cariostat评分(+++)(OR=3.99;95%CI:1.29-12.31,P<0.05),每天睡前进食(OR=2.62;95%CI:1.55-4.45,P<0.001),每天三次或更多零食(OR=2.03;95%CI:1.15-3.58,P<0.05),和母乳喂养(OR=3.30;95%CI:2.00-5.44,P<0.001)。
结论:这些结果表明,萌出的牙齿数量,以及出生顺序,饮食习惯,母乳喂养,是18月龄龋齿发生的重要因素。
Dental caries is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide, affecting lifelong as well as children. Therefore, it is important to clarify factors related to early childhood caries (ECC) in a younger population in terms of caries prevention. However, the prevalence of ECC is low in developed countries in the twenty-first century and a large-scale survey is needed to clarify the risk factors. Furthermore, earlier tooth eruption is not taken into consideration in most studies of ECC, even though it may be a factor of ECC. The present
study investigated the prevalence and risk factors of dental caries in children aged 18 months in a core city of Japan.
Findings from a total of 7351 children aged 18 months were analyzed. Anthropometric measurements of height and weight, as well as an oral examination and a microbiological caries-risk test, were performed. Additionally, a structured interview sheet was provided to the parents or guardians. Findings of dental caries at 18 months of age were evaluated using a logistic regression model.
Of the enrolled children, 1.2% had experienced dental caries. Multivariable logistic regression analysis results indicated a significant association with dental caries at 18 months of age for the following factors: second child (OR = 1.78; 95% CI:1.08-2.93, P < 0.05), third and later child (OR = 2.08; 95% CI:1.12-3.89, P < 0.05), 12 or fewer erupted teeth (OR = 0.47; 95% CI:0.24-0.96, P < 0.05), 17 or more erupted teeth (OR = 4.37; 95% CI:1.63-11.7, P < 0.01), Cariostat score (+ + +) (OR = 3.99; 95% CI:1.29-12.31, P < 0.05), daily eating before bed (OR = 2.62; 95% CI: 1.55-4.45, P < 0.001), three or more snacks per day (OR = 2.03; 95% CI:1.15-3.58, P < 0.05), and breastfeeding (OR = 3.30; 95% CI:2.00-5.44, P < 0.001).
These results suggest that the number of erupted teeth, as well as birth order, eating habits, and breastfeeding, are significant factors in dental caries occurrence at 18 months of age.