睡眠-觉醒周期是一个复杂的多因素过程,涉及多种神经递质,包括乙酰胆碱,去甲肾上腺素,血清素,组胺,多巴胺,食欲素和GABA,这可能是,反过来,由参与其代谢途径的不同营养素调节。尽管儿童良好的睡眠质量已被证明是最佳认知的关键因素,身体和心理发展,越来越多的儿科人群患有睡眠障碍。在儿童中,行为干预与补充剂一起被推荐作为一线治疗。进行了系统的审查,根据PRISMA指南,目的是评估儿童和青少年睡眠调节神经递质途径中涉及的主要营养素。我们的重点是利用非处方药(OTC)产品,特别是铁,羟色氨酸,茶氨酸和抗组胺药在不同儿科睡眠障碍治疗中的应用,旨在为临床医生提供实用指导。
The sleep-wake cycle is a complex multifactorial process involving several neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine, norepinephrine, serotonin, histamine, dopamine, orexin and GABA, that can be, in turn, regulated by different nutrients involved in their metabolic pathways. Although good sleep quality in children has been proven to be a key factor for optimal cognitive, physical and psychological development, a significant and ever-increasing percentage of the pediatric population suffers from sleep disorders. In children, behavioral interventions along with supplements are recommended as the first line treatment. This systematic
review was conducted, according to the PRISMA guidelines, with the purpose of assessing the principal nutrients involved in the pathways of sleep-regulating neurotransmitters in children and adolescents. Our focus was the utilization of over the counter (OTC) products, specifically iron, hydroxytryptophan,
theanine and antihistamines in the management of different pediatric sleep disorders with the intention of providing a practical guide for the clinician.