细胞外基质(ECM)内的机械信号调节细胞生长,增殖和分化,整合素充当ECM和细胞肌动蛋白之间的枢纽。局灶性粘连(FAs)是多蛋白质,含整合素的复合物,充当将细胞与细胞外微环境结合的张力感应锚点。Talin-1是FAs的中心蛋白,参与整合素的激活并将其与肌动蛋白细胞骨架连接。作为细胞质蛋白,Talin-1由球形头域和由一系列α-螺旋束组成的长杆组成。Talin‑1杆域的独特结构允许折叠和展开以响应机械应力,揭示各种结合位点。因此,Talin‑1杆域的构象变化使细胞能够通过多种信号通路将机械信号转化为化学物质。本综述讨论了Talin-1的结合伙伴,它们的相互作用,对细胞过程的影响,以及它们在疾病中的可能作用。
The mechanical signals within the extracellular matrix (ECM) regulate cell growth, proliferation and differentiation, and integrins function as the hub between the ECM and cellular actin. Focal adhesions (FAs) are multi‑protein, integrin‑containing complexes, acting as tension‑sensing anchoring points that bond cells to the extracellular microenvironment.
Talin‑1 serves as the central protein of FAs that participates in the activation of integrins and connects them with the actin cytoskeleton. As a cytoplasmic protein,
Talin‑1 consists of a globular head domain and a long rod comprised of a series of α‑helical bundles. The unique structure of the
Talin‑1 rod domain permits folding and unfolding in response to the mechanical stress, revealing various binding sites. Thus, conformation changes of the
Talin‑1 rod domain enable the cell to convert mechanical signals into chemical through multiple signaling pathways. The present
review discusses the binding partners of
Talin‑1, their interactions, effects on the cellular processes, and their possible roles in diseases.