The effluent of WWTPs is an important source of microplastics (MP) for the aquatic environment. In this review study, MPs in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) in Türkiye and their removal from WWTPs are reviewed for the first time. First, MP characteristics in the influent and effluent of WWTPs in Türkiye are discussed. In the next section, the abundance of MPs in the influent and effluent of WWTPs in Türkiye and the MP removal efficiency of WWTPs in Türkiye are evaluated. Then, the results of studies on MP abundance and characteristics in Türkiye\'s aquatic environments are presented and suggestions are made to reduce MPs released from WWTPs into the receiving environments. Strategies for reducing MPs released to the receiving environment from WWTPs of Türkiye are summarized. In the last section, research gaps regarding MPs in WWTPs in Türkiye are identified and suggestions are made for future studies. This review paper provides a comprehensive assessment of the abundance, dominant characteristics, and removal of MPs in WWTPs in Türkiye, as well as the current status and deficiencies in Türkiye. Therefore, this review can serve as a scientific guide to improve the MP removal efficiency of WWTPs in Türkiye.

OBJECTIVE: It has been reported in various studies that identifying risk and protective factors and outcomes of cyberbullying perpetration (CP) and cyberbullying victimization (CV) is crucial for educational strategies to fight against cyberbullying. The main purpose of the present study is to conduct a meta-analysis and systematic review to identify which risk and protective factors are more strongly associated with CP/CV and possible consequences of CP/CV among children and youth in Türkiye.
METHODS: Various databases, including PubMed, Web of Science (WoS), ProQuest, ERIC, SCOPUS, Turkish Psychiatry Index, DergiPark, and National Dissertation/Thesis Center of Türkiye were searched to identify relevant studies.
METHODS: Fifty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria included in the present study.
RESULTS: Results revealed that the strongest risk factor was traditional bullying for CP (r = 0.47, p < .001) and traditional victimization for CV (r = 0.43, p < .001). The strongest protective factor was social skill for CP (r = -0.45, p < .001) and empathy for CV (r = -0.25, p < .001). In addition, involvement in CP behaviors had the strongest effect on negative self-concept (r = 0.28, p < .001), while exposure to CV on anxiety (r = 0.35, p < .001).
CONCLUSIONS: Although this study has some limitations, the study\'s findings are important source of information for many professionals, such as pediatric nurses, school psychological counselors, psychologists, and policymakers to further educational strategies for children and young people in Türkiye.
CONCLUSIONS: The study findings would be useful for developing educational programs to strengthen protective factors and reduce risk factors to prevent cyberbullying perpetration behaviors.