■合成DNA技术正迅速成为医学领域创新的关键驱动力,生物技术,还有更多.但这也带来了巨大的风险,特别是在降低生产危险病原体和毒素的障碍。目前,对这项技术的监督由合成DNA提供者和利益相关者自愿协调,并详细了解安全流程,基础设施,这些提供商的见解对于了解如何最好地减轻此技术的固有风险至关重要。
■在这项研究中,我们旨在确定趋势,异常值,优势,通过对基因合成领域的广泛调查,以及当前DNA提供者安全实践中的差距。
■我们采访了合成DNA提供者和利益相关者,了解他们的客户和序列筛选程序。受访者根据国际基因合成联盟的成员身份分为几组,国籍,不管是新公司还是老牌公司,以及它们是否从头合成DNA。然后,我们进行了荟萃分析和组间分析,以阐明更大的趋势和差异点。
■总共,我们采访了18家公司。我们发现,合成DNA提供者和利益相关者倾向于在“零信任模式”下进行筛选,并利用共同的政府和私人资源来应对国际进出口政策。在筛选的敏感性中确定了主要的变异,监测和评价做法,筛选管道,以及合成寡核苷酸筛选的方法。此外,我们发现了一个严重的漏洞,即提供方缺乏对正式执法报告程序的认识.
■集体,我们在整个领域的安全实践中观察到显著的异质性,反映了目前缺乏对DNA合成的编码监督。这项研究的结果提供了对细节的洞察,优势,以及当前DNA提供者安全实践的缺陷,并且是生物安全界在正在进行的审议中的重要考虑因素,when,以及如何对合成DNA技术进行监督。
UNASSIGNED: Synthetic DNA technology is rapidly emerging as a key driver of innovation in the fields of medicine, biotechnology, and more. But it also poses significant risk, particularly in lowering barriers to the production of dangerous pathogens and toxins. At present, oversight of this technology is voluntarily coordinated among synthetic DNA providers and stakeholders, and detailed understanding of security processes, infrastructures, and insights from these providers is imperative to understand how to best mitigate the inherent risks of this technology.
UNASSIGNED: In this study, we aimed to determine the trends, outliers, strengths, and gaps in current DNA provider security practices through a broad survey of the gene synthesis field.
UNASSIGNED: We interviewed synthetic DNA providers and stakeholders about their customer and sequence screening procedures. Respondents were divided into groups based on membership in the International Gene Synthesis Consortium, nationality, whether they were a new or established company, and whether they synthesize de novo DNA or not. We then performed meta-analysis and intergroup analysis to elucidate larger trends and points of variance.
UNASSIGNED: In total, we interviewed 18 companies. We found that synthetic DNA providers and stakeholders tend to operate under a \"zero-trust model\" for screenings and utilize common governmental and private resources to navigate international import/export policies. Major variabilities were identified in the sensitivity of screening, monitoring and evaluation practices, screening pipelines, and approaches to synthetic oligonucleotide screening. In addition, we identified a significant vulnerability of lacking awareness among providers of formal law enforcement reporting procedures.
UNASSIGNED: Collectively, we observed significant heterogeneity in security practice throughout the field, reflective of the current lack of codified oversight for DNA synthesis. The results presented in this study provide insight into the specifics, strengths, and shortcomings of current DNA provider security practices, and are important considerations for the biosecurity community in ongoing deliberations of if, when, and how to approach oversight of synthetic DNA technology.