背景:先前的临床研究显示肉桂香料降低血糖浓度的结果不一致。
目的:确定每日补充肉桂香料对成人肥胖和糖尿病前期患者葡萄糖浓度的影响。
方法:在维持低多酚/纤维饮食的2周磨合期后,18名肥胖和糖尿病前期的参与者接受了10周的随机分组,控制,双盲,交叉试验(平均年龄51.1岁;平均空腹血糖102.9mg/dL)。参与者被随机分配服用肉桂(4g/d)或安慰剂4周,接下来是2周的洗牌期,然后越过另一个干预,再进行4周的干预。用连续葡萄糖监测测量葡萄糖的变化。在摄入肉桂或安慰剂后立即进行口服葡萄糖耐量测试,以评估其在基线和每个干预阶段结束时的急性作用。每天获得消化症状日志。
结果:随访694天,观察到66,624次葡萄糖。与安慰剂相比,肉桂给药时24小时葡萄糖浓度显著降低[混合模型;效应大小(ES)=0.96;95%置信区间(CI):-2.9,-1.5;P<0.001]。同样,给予肉桂时,葡萄糖的平均净曲线下面积(netAUC)显著低于安慰剂组(超过24小时;ES=-0.66;95%CI:2501.7,5412.1,P=0.01).与安慰剂相比,肉桂补充导致较低的葡萄糖峰(Δ峰9.56±9.1mg/dL,而11.73±8.0mg/dL;ES=-0.57;95%CI:0.8,3.7,P=0.027)。葡萄糖依赖性促胰岛素多肽浓度在口服葡萄糖耐量测试+肉桂测试期间增加(混合模型;ES=0.51;95%CI:1.56,100.1,P=0.04),而甘油三酯浓度降低(混合模型;ES=0.55;95%CI:-16.0,-1.6,P=0.02).两组的治疗依从性均良好(肉桂:97.6±3.4%,安慰剂:97.9±3.7%;ES=-0.15;95%CI:-1.8,0.2,P=0.5)。在消化症状(腹痛,borborygmi,腹胀,过度的肠胃气,肉桂组和安慰剂组之间的粪便/天)。
结论:肉桂,一种广泛可用且低成本的补充剂,在肥胖相关的糖尿病前期患者的饮食中加入可能有助于更好的血糖控制。该试验在clinicaltrials.gov注册为NCT04342624。
Previous clinical studies showing that cinnamon spice lowers blood glucose concentrations had inconsistent results.
To determine the effect of daily cinnamon spice supplementation in an amount commonly used for seasoning on glucose concentrations in adults with obesity and prediabetes.
Following a 2-wk run-in period of maintaining a low polyphenol/fiber diet, 18 participants with obesity and prediabetes underwent a 10-wk randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover
trial (mean age 51.1 y; mean fasting plasma glucose 102.9 mg/dL). The participants were randomly assigned to take cinnamon (4 g/d) or placebo for 4-wk, followed by a 2-wk washout period, and then crossed over to the other intervention for an additional 4-wk. Glucose changes were measured with continuous glucose monitoring. Oral glucose tolerance testing immediately following ingestion of cinnamon or placebo was performed at 4-time points to assess their acute effects both at the baseline and end of each intervention phase. Digestive symptom logs were obtained daily.
There were 694 follow-up days with 66,624 glucose observations. When compared with placebo, 24-h glucose concentrations were significantly lower when cinnamon was administered [mixed-models; effect size (ES) = 0.96; 95 % confidence interval (CI): -2.9, -1.5; P < 0.001]. Similarly, the mean net-area-under-the-curve (netAUC) for glucose was significantly lower than for placebo when cinnamon was given (over 24 h; ES = -0.66; 95 % CI: 2501.7, 5412.1, P = 0.01). Cinnamon supplementation resulted in lower glucose peaks compared with placebo (Δpeak 9.56 ± 9.1 mg/dL compared with 11.73 ± 8.0 mg/dL; ES = -0.57; 95 % CI: 0.8, 3.7, P = 0.027). Glucose-dependent-insulinotropic-polypeptide concentrations increased during oral glucose tolerance testing + cinnamon testing (mixed-models; ES = 0.51; 95 % CI: 1.56, 100.1, P = 0.04), whereas triglyceride concentrations decreased (mixed-models; ES = 0.55; 95 % CI: -16.0, -1.6, P = 0.02). Treatment adherence was excellent in both groups (cinnamon: 97.6 ± 3.4 % compared with placebo: 97.9 ± 3.7 %; ES = -0.15; 95 % CI: -1.8, 0.2, P = 0.5). No differences were found in digestive symptoms (abdominal pain, borborygmi, bloating, excess flatus, and stools/day) between cinnamon and placebo groups.
Cinnamon, a widely available and low-cost supplement, may contribute to better glucose control when added to the diet in people who have obesity-related prediabetes. This
trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04342624.