全球气温上升,污染负荷,能源危机是严重的问题,最近面对世界。世界各地的科学家都雄心勃勃地寻找环保和具有成本效益的途径来解决这些问题。生物炭已成为环境修复剂,并已被证明是水和土壤中无机和有机污染物的有效吸附剂。具有独特的属性,如多孔结构,较大的比表面积(SSA),丰富的表面官能团,更好的阳离子交换容量(CEC),强大的吸附能力,环境稳定性高,嵌入矿物,和微量营养素,生物炭被认为是一种有前途的环境管理材料,减少温室气体(GHG)排放,土壤管理,和土壤肥力增强。因此,当前的审查涵盖了关键因素(热解温度,保留时间,气体流量,和反应器设计)对生物炭的产量和性质。此外,这篇综述强调了生物炭的多样化应用,如废物管理,建筑材料,从水性介质中吸附去除石油和石油,固定污染物,碳封存,以及它们在减缓气候变化中的作用,土壤改良剂,伴随着机遇和挑战。最后,这篇综述讨论了不同国际机构对生物炭标准化的评价及其经济观点。
Rising global temperature, pollution load, and energy crises are serious problems, recently facing the world. Scientists around the world are ambitious to find eco-friendly and cost-effective routes for resolving these problems. Biochar has emerged as an agent for environmental remediation and has proven to be the effective sorbent to inorganic and organic pollutants in water and soil. Endowed with unique attributes such as porous structure, larger specific surface area (SSA), abundant surface functional groups, better cation exchange capacity (CEC), strong adsorption capacity, high environmental stability, embedded minerals, and micronutrients, biochar is presented as a promising material for environmental management, reduction in greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions, soil management, and soil fertility enhancement. Therefore, the current
review covers the influence of key factors (pyrolysis temperature, retention time, gas flow rate, and reactor design) on the production yield and property of biochar. Furthermore, this
review emphasizes the diverse application of biochar such as waste management, construction material, adsorptive removal of petroleum and oil from aqueous media, immobilization of contaminants, carbon sequestration, and their role in climate change mitigation, soil conditioner, along with opportunities and challenges. Finally, this
review discusses the evaluation of biochar standardization by different international agencies and their economic perspective.