近年来,铜基纳米材料(Cu-basedNMs)由于其特殊的物理化学特性,在促进农业发展方面显示出巨大的潜力。随着Cu基NMs的大量生产和过度使用,对土壤-植物环境有潜在的影响。土壤生物,特别是土壤微生物,在陆地或土壤生态系统中起重要作用;植物,作为与土壤相关的Cu基NMs的间接生物,可能通过植物农产品影响人类健康。了解土壤-植物系统中Cu基NMs的积累和转化,以及它们的生态毒理学效应和潜在机制,是对环境风险进行科学评估和安全应用的前提。因此,根据目前的文献,本综述:(i)介绍了Cu基NMs在土壤和植物系统中的积累和转化行为;(ii)重点研究了Cu基NMs对多种生物(微生物,无脊椎动物,和植物);(iii)揭示了它们相应的毒性机制。从迄今为止的研究看来,Cu基NMs和释放的Cu2+都可能是毒性的主要原因。当铜基纳米材料进入土壤-植物环境时,它们固有的物理化学性质,以及各种环境因素,也可能影响他们的运输,改造,和生物毒性。因此,我们应该推动加强多方法研究,重点是Cu基NM在陆地暴露环境中的行为,并减轻其毒性,以确保铜基NMs的推广。
In recent years, copper-based nanomaterials (Cu-based NMs) have shown great potential in promoting agriculture development due to their special physicochemical characteristics. With the mass production and overuse of Cu-based NMs, there are potential effects on the soil-plant environment. Soil organisms, especially soil microorganisms, play a significant part in terrestrial or soil ecosystems; plants, as indirect organisms with soil-related Cu-based NMs, may affect human health through plant agricultural products. Understanding the accumulation and transformation of Cu-based NMs in soil-plant systems, as well as their ecotoxicological effects and potential mechanisms, is a prerequisite for the scientific assessment of environmental risks and safe application. Therefore, based on the current literature, this
review: (i) introduces the accumulation and transformation behaviors of Cu-based NMs in soil and plant systems; (ii) focuses on the ecotoxicological effects of Cu-based NMs on a variety of organisms (microorganisms, invertebrates, and plants); (iii) reveals their corresponding toxicity mechanisms. It appears from studies hitherto made that both Cu-based NMs and released Cu2+ may be the main reasons for toxicity. When Cu-based NMs enter the soil-plant environment, their intrinsic physicochemical properties, along with various environmental factors, could also affect their transport, transformation, and biotoxicity. Therefore, we should push for intensifying the multi-approach research that focuses on the behaviors of Cu-based NMs in terrestrial exposure environments, and mitigates their toxicity to ensure the promotion of Cu-based NMs.