年轻人使用社交媒体交流自我伤害和自杀,这与潜在的风险和保护作用有关。#chatsafe指南最初是在2018年制定的,目的是让年轻人能够在网上安全地沟通自杀问题。他们被证明是安全的,可接受,有益的;然而,他们不提供自我伤害的指导,社交媒体也在不断发展。这项研究旨在更新#chatsafe指南,以反映新的证据和当前的社交媒体负担,并包括关于自我伤害的指导。
进行了德尔菲专家共识研究,包括六个阶段:1)对同行评审和灰色文献的系统搜索;2)与包括社交媒体公司在内的主要利益相关者的一系列圆桌会议,政策制定者,和年轻人;3)问卷开发;4)专家小组形成;5)数据收集和分析;以及6)指南开发。
新的#chatsafe指南中总共包含了191个项目。这些被组织成八个主题,成为指南的主要部分:1)一般提示;2)创建自我伤害和自杀内容;3)消费自我伤害和自杀内容;4)自我伤害和自杀行为的直播;4)自我伤害和自杀游戏,契约,和恶作剧;6)自我伤害和自杀社区;7)丧亲之痛并与自杀死亡的人进行交流;和8)影响者指南。
新指南包括有关自我伤害的在线交流的最新信息,直播,游戏,契约,和恶作剧,以及对影响者的指导。它们将通过全国社交媒体运动进行传播,并得到一系列面向成人的资源的支持。鉴于原始准则的可接受性以及年轻人对社交媒体的普遍使用,希望新准则将成为年轻人和成年人的有用资源,在澳大利亚和世界各地。
Young people use social media to communicate about self-harm and suicide and this is associated with both potential risks and protective effects. The #chatsafe
guidelines were originally developed in 2018 to equip young people to communicate safely online about suicide. They were shown to be safe, acceptable, and beneficial; however, they do not provide guidance on self-harm, and social media is constantly evolving. This study aimed to update the #chatsafe
guidelines to reflect new evidence and current social media affordances, and to include guidance on self-harm.
A Delphi expert
consensus study was conducted, comprising six stages: 1) A systematic search of peer-reviewed and grey literature; 2) A series of roundtables with key stakeholders including social media companies, policymakers, and young people; 3) Questionnaire development; 4) Expert panel formation; 5) Data collection and analysis; and 6)
Guideline development.
A total of 191 items were included in the new #chatsafe
guidelines. These were organised into eight themes, which became the overarching sections of the guidelines: 1) General tips; 2) Creating self-harm and suicide content; 3) Consuming self-harm and suicide content; 4) Livestreams of self-harm and suicide acts; 4) Self-harm and suicide games, pacts, and hoaxes; 6) Self-harm and suicide communities; 7) Bereavement and communicating about someone who has died by suicide; and 8) Guidance for influencers.
The new guidelines include updated and new information on online communication about self-harm, livestreams, games, pacts, and hoaxes, as well as guidance for influencers. They will be disseminated via a national social media campaign and supported by a series of adult-facing resources. Given the acceptability of the original guidelines and the ubiquitous use of social media by young people, it is hoped that the new guidelines will be a useful resource for young people and adults alike, both in Australia and worldwide.