背景:需要更好地了解美国西班牙裔和拉丁裔人群以及低资源环境中的SARS-CoV-2感染风险,以提供控制措施和策略以改善健康公平性。波多黎各的贫困率很高,其他人口特征与对COVID-19的脆弱性增加有关,迄今为止,用于确定社区发病率的数据有限。
目的:本研究在一项基于社区的前瞻性队列研究(COPACOVID-19[COCOVID]研究)中描述了SARS-CoV-2的方案和基线血清阳性率,波多黎各。
方法:2020年6月,我们在庞塞15个社区的居民中实施了预防虫媒病毒项目社区平台内的COVID研究,波多黎各,1岁或以上。每周,参与者回答了关于急性症状和预防行为的问卷,并提供了用于SARS-CoV-2聚合酶链反应测试的前鼻拭子样本;从报告有1种或更多种COVID-19样症状的参与者中收集了额外的前鼻拭子用于快速聚合酶链反应测试.在登记时和随访期间每6个月,参与者回答了更全面的问卷,并提供了用于多抗原SARS-CoV-2免疫球蛋白G抗体检测(血清阳性率的指标)的静脉血样本.周跟踪活动于2022年4月结束,6个月跟踪访问于2022年8月结束。主要研究结果指标包括SARS-CoV-2感染发生率和血清阳性率,按参与者特征划分的SARS-CoV-2感染的相对风险,SARS-CoV-2家庭发病率,和COVID-19疾病特征和结果。在这项研究中,我们描述了COVID参与者的总体特征以及基线时的SARS-CoV-2血清阳性率状况.
结果:我们共招募了来自388个家庭的1030名参与者。相对于庞塞和波多黎各的一般人口,我们的人群中中等收入家庭的比例过高,就业和中年人,和年龄较大的儿童(P<0.001)。几乎所有参与者(1021/1025,99.61%)都被确定为拉丁裔/a,17.07%(175/1025)的家庭年收入低于10,000美元,45.66%(463/1014)报告有1种或更多种慢性疾病。基线SARS-CoV-2血清阳性率总体较低(16/1030,1.55%),并且随着研究登记时间的延长而显着增加(P=.003)。
结论:COCOVID研究将提供一个宝贵的机会,以更好地估计主要是西班牙裔或拉丁裔人群的SARS-CoV-2负担和相关风险因素,评估监测的局限性,并告知波多黎各和其他类似人群的缓解措施。
■RR1-10.2196/53837。
BACKGROUND: A better understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection risk among Hispanic and Latino populations and in low-resource settings in the United States is needed to inform control efforts and strategies to improve health equity. Puerto Rico has a high poverty rate and other population characteristics associated with increased vulnerability to COVID-19, and there are limited data to date to determine community incidence.
OBJECTIVE: This
study describes the protocol and baseline seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in a prospective community-based cohort
study (COPA COVID-19 [COCOVID]
study) to investigate SARS-CoV-2 infection incidence and morbidity in Ponce, Puerto Rico.
METHODS: In June 2020, we implemented the COCOVID
study within the Communities Organized to Prevent Arboviruses project platform among residents of 15 communities in Ponce, Puerto Rico, aged 1 year or older. Weekly, participants answered questionnaires on acute symptoms and preventive behaviors and provided anterior nasal swab samples for SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction testing; additional anterior nasal swabs were collected for expedited polymerase chain reaction testing from participants that reported 1 or more COVID-19-like symptoms. At enrollment and every 6 months during follow-up, participants answered more comprehensive questionnaires and provided venous blood samples for multiantigen SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G antibody testing (an indicator of seroprevalence). Weekly follow-up activities concluded in April 2022 and 6-month follow-up visits concluded in August 2022. Primary
study outcome measures include SARS-CoV-2 infection incidence and seroprevalence, relative risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection by participant characteristics, SARS-CoV-2 household attack rate, and COVID-19 illness characteristics and outcomes. In this study, we describe the characteristics of COCOVID participants overall and by SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence status at baseline.
RESULTS: We enrolled a total of 1030 participants from 388 households. Relative to the general populations of Ponce and Puerto Rico, our cohort overrepresented middle-income households, employed and middle-aged adults, and older children (P<.001). Almost all participants (1021/1025, 99.61%) identified as Latino/a, 17.07% (175/1025) had annual household incomes less than US $10,000, and 45.66% (463/1014) reported 1 or more chronic medical conditions. Baseline SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was low (16/1030, 1.55%) overall and increased significantly with later study enrollment time (P=.003).
CONCLUSIONS: The COCOVID
study will provide a valuable opportunity to better estimate the burden of SARS-CoV-2 and associated risk factors in a primarily Hispanic or Latino population, assess the limitations of surveillance, and inform mitigation measures in Puerto Rico and other similar populations.
UNASSIGNED: RR1-10.2196/53837.