目的:多发性骨髓瘤(MM)是一种无法治愈的异质性浆细胞恶性肿瘤,具有多种临床表现。炎症在这种疾病中起重要作用。细胞因子和趋化因子引起疾病的进展。其中之一是白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β),这可能与MM的发病机制有关。其他标记如钙,白蛋白,肌酐,球蛋白,和总蛋白也用于诊断和预后患者。这项研究的主要目的是评估IL-1β和各种形式的钙(总钙,离子钙,和校正的钙),白蛋白,肌酐,球蛋白,MM患者和健康对照者的I期和总蛋白。
方法:在本研究中检查了30名I期MM患者和30名作为对照的健康受试者的血清样品。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清IL-1β蛋白浓度,总钙,白蛋白,肌酐,总蛋白质,和球蛋白通过自动分析仪BT3000测量,使用电解质分析仪测量电离钙(Ca),并使用特殊方程式计算校正的钙。
结果:IL-1β的平均水平在I阶段MM中显著升高。I期MM中IL-1β的平均水平为7.04±1.15ng/ml,对照组为3.12±0.90ng/ml(p<0.001)。I期MM中总钙(总Ca)的平均水平为9.45±0.56mg/dl,对照组为9.09±0.43mg/dl(p=0.008)。I期MM中离子钙(Ca)的平均水平为4.65±0.28mg/dl,对照组为4.75±0.33mg/dl(p=0.2)。I期MM中血清离子钙与总钙的平均比率(Ca/总Ca)为0.49±0.054,对照组为0.52±0.047(p=0.02)。在I期MM中,血清离子钙与校正钙的平均比率(Ca/校正Ca)为0.42±0.033,而血清离子钙与总钙的平均比率(Ca/总Ca)为0.52±0.047。两组平均值的比较显示出显著差异(p<0.001)。I期MM中白蛋白的平均水平为1.72±0.35g/dl,对照组为4.32±0.41g/dl(p<0.001)。I期MM中总蛋白的平均水平为12.65±0.81g/dl,对照组为7.07±0.4g/dl(p<0.001)。I期MM中球蛋白的平均水平为11.00±0.96mg/dl,对照组为2.85±0.77mg/dl(p<0.001)。I期MM中肌酐的平均水平为1.15±0.25mg/dl,对照组为0.96±0.15mg/dl(p=0.001)。
结论:研究结果表明IL-1β可能参与I期MM,它可以表明趋化因子在疾病过程中的作用,尤其是在早期阶段。提到的化学谱的变化可以帮助疾病的诊断和预后。
OBJECTIVE: Multiple myeloma (MM) is known as an incurable heterogeneous plasma cell malignancy that presents with a variety of clinical manifestations. Inflammation plays an important role in this disease. Cytokines and Chemokines cause the progression of the disease. One of them is interleukin-1β (IL-1β), which may be involved in the pathogenesis of MM. Other markers such as calcium, albumin, creatinine, globulins, and total protein are also used to diagnose and prognosis patients. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the serum level of IL-1β and various forms of calcium (total calcium, ionized calcium, and corrected calcium), albumin, creatinine, globulin, and total protein on stage-I of MM patients and healthy controls.
METHODS: Serum samples from 30 stage-I MM patients and 30 healthy subjects as controls were examined in this study. The protein concentrations of serum IL-1β was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), total calcium, albumin, creatinine, total protein, and globulin Measured by auto analyzer BT3000, an electrolyte analyzer was used to measure ionized calcium (Ca++) and a special equation was used to calculate the corrected calcium.
RESULTS: The mean level of IL-1β was significantly elevated in stage-I MM. The mean levels of IL-1β were 7.04±1.15 ng/ml in stage-I MM and 3.12± 0.90 ng/ml in controls (p<0.001). The mean levels of total calcium (total Ca) were 9.45±0.56 mg/dl in stage-I MM and 9.09±0.43mg/dl in controls (p=0.008). The mean levels of ionized calcium (Ca++) was 4.65±0.28mg/dl in stage-I MM and 4.75±0.33mg/dl in controls (p=0.2). The mean ratio of serum ionized calcium to total calcium (Ca++/ total Ca) was 0.49±0.054 in stage-I MM and 0.52±0.047 in controls (p=0.02). The mean ratio of serum ionized calcium to corrected calcium (Ca++/corrected Ca) was 0.42±0.033 in stage-I MM and the Mean ratio of serum ionized calcium to calcium total (Ca++/ total Ca) was 0.52±0.047 in controls, Comparison of the mean of the two groups shows a significant difference (p<0.001). The mean level of albumin was 1.72±0.35 g/dl in stage-I MM and4.32±0.41g/dl in controls (p<0.001). The mean level of total protein was 12.65±0.81g/dl in stage-I MM and 7.07±0.4 g/dl in controls (p<0.001). The mean level of globulin was 11.00±0.96 mg/dl in stage-I MM and 2.85±0.77 mg/dl in controls (p<0.001). The mean level of creatinine was 1.15±0.25 mg/dl in stage-I MM and 0.96±0.15 mg/dl in controls (p=0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study indicate the possible involvement of IL-1β at stage-I MM and it can indicate the role of chemokines in the disease process, especially in the early stages. Changes in the chemical profiles mentioned can help in the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease.