CADASIL(伴有皮质下梗死和白质脑病的常染色体显性动脉病)是一种由NOTCH3突变引起的小血管疾病,该突变导致表皮生长因子(EGF)样重复结构域中的半胱氨酸数量奇数,导致蛋白质错误折叠和聚集。主要症状是偏头痛,精神疾病,复发性中风,和痴呆症。Omic技术允许对不同分子进行大规模研究,以无偏见的方式了解疾病,甚至发现靶标及其可能的治疗方法。我们分析了组学科学在理解CADASIL方面的进展。为此,我们纳入了专注于CADASIL和使用组学技术的研究,搜索书目资源,比如PubMed。我们排除了其他表型的研究,如偏头痛或脑白质营养不良。共回顾了18篇文章。由于迄今为止在基因组存储库中被认为是致病性的NOTCH3突变的高患病率,人们可以问他们是否都生产CADASIL,不同程度的疾病,或者它们是否只是小血管疾病的危险因素。此外,蛋白质组学和转录组学研究发现,CADASIL中发生显著改变的分子主要与细胞粘附,细胞骨架或细胞外基质成分,误折叠控制,自噬,血管生成,或转化生长因子β(TGFβ)信号通路。对CADASIL进行的组学研究对于理解生物学机制很有用,并且可能是寻找潜在药物靶标的关键因素。
CADASIL (Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy) is a small vessel disease caused by mutations in NOTCH3 that lead to an odd number of cysteines in the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeat domain, causing protein misfolding and aggregation. The main symptoms are migraines, psychiatric disorders, recurrent strokes, and dementia. Omic technologies allow the massive study of different molecules for understanding diseases in a non-biased manner or even for discovering targets and their possible treatments. We analyzed the progress in understanding CADASIL that has been made possible by omics sciences. For this purpose, we included studies that focused on CADASIL and used omics techniques, searching bibliographic resources, such as PubMed. We excluded studies with other phenotypes, such as migraine or leukodystrophies. A total of 18 articles were reviewed. Due to the high prevalence of NOTCH3 mutations considered pathogenic to date in genomic repositories, one can ask whether all of them produce CADASIL, different degrees of the disease, or whether they are just a risk factor for small vessel disease. Besides, proteomics and transcriptomics studies found that the molecules that are significantly altered in CADASIL are mainly related to cell adhesion, the cytoskeleton or extracellular matrix components, misfolding control, autophagia, angiogenesis, or the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling pathway. The omics studies performed on CADASIL have been useful for understanding the biological mechanisms and could be key factors for finding potential drug targets.