背景:饮食中植物化学物质的摄入与慢性疾病的风险降低有关,但是关于它们与良性前列腺增生(BPH)关系的研究有限。这项病例对照研究旨在调查中东人群的饮食植物化学指数(DPI)与BPH风险之间的关系。
方法:该研究从伊斯法罕的Al-Zahra医院诊所招募了112名BPH患者和112名年龄匹配的健康对照(40-75岁),伊朗在2021年至2022年之间。使用经过验证的食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入量,DPI计算为富含植物化学物质的食物的能量摄入与每日总能量摄入的比率。进行Logistic回归分析,调整潜在的混杂因素。
结果:在粗略模型中,DPI最高三分位的参与者患BPH的几率比最低三分位的参与者低70%(OR:0.3,95%CI0.15-0.61,P-趋势=0.001).在调整了混杂因素后,这种负相关仍然显著(OR:0.23,95%CI0.15-0.63,P趋势=0.001).DPI较高的参与者消耗了更多的全谷物(p=0.02),坚果(p<0.001),豆类(p=0.02),水果(p<0.001),蔬菜(p<0.001),橄榄和油品(p=0.02),和番茄及其产品(p<0.001)在他们的饮食相比,最低的三分位数。然而,红肉(p=0.03)和精制谷物(p<0.001)的消费量较高,与DPI最高的三元相比。
结论:本研究表明中东人群中DPI与BPH风险之间存在保护性关联。鼓励摄入富含植物化学物质的食物可能有助于降低BPH的风险,强调营养科学在促进前列腺健康方面的相关性。
BACKGROUND: Dietary intake of phytochemicals has been associated with a reduced risk of chronic diseases, but research on their relationship with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is limited. This
case-control study aimed to investigate the association between a Dietary Phytochemical Index (DPI) and BPH risk in a Middle-Eastern population.
METHODS: The study recruited 112 BPH patients and 112 age-matched healthy controls (40-75 years) from Al-Zahra Hospital Clinic in Isfahan, Iran between 2021 and 2022. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire, and DPI was calculated as the ratio of energy intake from phytochemical-rich foods to total daily energy intake. Logistic regression analysis was performed, adjusting for potential confounders.
RESULTS: In the crude model, participants in the highest DPI tertile had a 70% lower odds of BPH compared to those in the lowest tertile (OR:0.3, 95% CI 0.15-0.61, P-trend = 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, this inverse association remained significant (OR:0.23, 95% CI 0.15-0.63, P-trend = 0.001). Participants with higher DPI consumed more whole grains (p = 0.02), nuts (p < 0.001), legumes (p = 0.02), fruits (p < 0.001), vegetables (p < 0.001), olives and oilve products (p = 0.02), and tomato and its products (p < 0.001) in their diet compared to the lowest tertile. However, red meat (p = 0.03) and refined grains (p < 0.001) were consumed in higher amounts in the lowest tertile compared to the highest DPI tertile.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates a protective association between DPI and BPH risk in the Middle-Eastern population. Encouraging higher intake of phytochemical-rich foods may help reduce the risk of BPH, highlighting the relevance of nutritional science in promoting prostate health.