背景:长期悲伤障碍(PGD)的症状,抑郁症,和创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)通常在丧亲中同时出现。在一般丧亲人群中,对这些综合症之间的时间关系的理解是有限的。这项研究旨在调查丧亲后两个月以来这些综合征之间的时间关系。
方法:数据来自一项基于注册的队列研究,有1,224名成年参与者,失去配偶或父母的人。参与者完成了PGD的自我报告措施,抑郁症,和创伤后应激障碍在2、6、11、18和26个月后。随机截距交叉滞后面板分析检查了PGD之间的时间关系,创伤后应激障碍,和抑郁症。
结果:在配偶和父母丧亲中,损失后2个月的高水平悲伤症状预测损失后6个月的创伤后应激障碍和抑郁症的后续高症状,反之亦然。PGD,创伤后应激障碍,在丧亲的头两年,抑郁症和抑郁症表现出强烈的相互交织的关系。人与人之间的差异解释了PGD症状的差异越来越大,创伤后应激障碍,随着时间的推移,抑郁症。失去配偶和年龄较小与PGD症状较高有关,创伤后应激障碍,与失去父母和年长的人相比,抑郁症。
结论:在丧亲的早期,在PGD的一般水平上,丧亲个体之间存在很大差异,创伤后应激障碍,和抑郁症。在失去亲人的个人中,随着时间的推移,这些综合征之间的时间关系变得越来越复杂和交织在一起。研究结果应根据所使用的非临床样本和自我报告数据进行解释。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2023年APA,保留所有权利)。
BACKGROUND: Symptoms of prolonged grief disorder (PGD), depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often emerge concurrently in bereavement. The understanding of temporal relationships between these syndromes in a general bereaved population is limited. This
study aims to investigate temporal relationships between these syndromes from 2 months postloss throughout the two first years of bereavement.
METHODS: Data were derived from a registry-based cohort
study with 1,224 adult participants, who lost a spouse or parent. Participants completed self-report measures of PGD, depression, and PTSD at 2, 6, 11, 18, and 26 months postloss. Random intercept cross-lagged panel analyses examined the temporal relationships between PGD, PTSD, and depression.
RESULTS: In spousal and parental bereavement, high levels of grief symptoms at 2 months postloss predicted subsequent high symptoms of PTSD and depression at 6 months postloss, not vice versa. PGD, PTSD, and depression showed strong intertwined relationships over the two first years of bereavement. Between-person differences explained an increasingly large amount of variance in symptoms of PGD, PTSD, and depression over time. Losing a spouse and younger age was associated with higher symptoms of PGD, PTSD, and depression compared to losing a parent and older age.
CONCLUSIONS: In the early years of bereavement, large differences exist between bereaved individuals in general levels of PGD, PTSD, and depression. Within bereaved individuals, the temporal relationships between these syndromes become increasingly complex and intertwined over time. Findings should be interpreted with respect to the nonclinical sample and self-report data used. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).