背景:带有戒烟福利和建议信息的香烟包装是一项有前途的标签政策,可能有助于促进戒烟。
目的:为了评估插入效果,带有和不带有图形健康警告标签(HWL),关于假设的心理社会和行为结果。
方法:我们进行了一项2×2的受试者间随机试验(插入功效信息与无插页;大型图形HWLvs.小文本HWL),367名成年人每天至少抽10支香烟。参与者接受了14天的首选香烟供应,并修改了包装以反映他们的实验状况。超过2周,我们在参与者吸烟期间每天调查大约4-5次,质疑对吸烟的感受,对吸烟危害的担忧程度,减少香烟的自我效能感,自我效能退出,放弃的希望,和退出的动机。每天晚上,参与者报告了他们对吸烟危害的感知易感性,在过去的24小时里,他们思考吸烟危害和戒烟益处的频率,关于戒烟或危害的谈话,在他们吸烟结束之前放弃或熄灭香烟。估计混合效应序数和逻辑模型以评估组间差异。
结果:包装中包含插入物的参与者比包装中不包含插入物的参与者更有可能报告香烟被丢弃或拔出(OR=2.39,95%CI=1.36,4.20)。否则,在标记条件和结局之间未发现有统计学意义的关联.
结论:这项研究提供了一些证据,虽然有限,带有功效信息的插页可以促进预测戒烟尝试的行为。
带有戒烟益处和戒烟提示的香烟包装插入物(包装内的小传单)可能会促进戒烟。我们将367名成年吸烟者随机分配到四组中的一组:对照组,包装侧面带有小的健康警告标签(HWL);插入戒烟信息和小的HWL;显示吸烟对健康的影响的大图HWL;插页和大图HWL。参与者接受了14天的首选香烟供应,包装反映了他们分配的小组。超过2周,我们调查参与者每天吸烟4-5次,询问他们对吸烟和吸烟相关危害的感受,有信心减少香烟和戒烟,放弃的希望,和退出的动机。每天晚上,参与者报告了前24小时的情况:他们多久会想到吸烟的危害和戒烟的好处;关于戒烟或吸烟危害的对话;以及在他们结束吸烟之前放弃或熄灭香烟。包装上有插入物(有或没有图片HWL)的人比包装上不包括插入物(仅对照组或图片HWL)的人更有可能报告放弃或拔出香烟。这项研究提供了一些证据,表明带有戒烟信息的插页可能会促进戒烟。
Cigarette pack inserts with messages on cessation benefits and advice are a promising labeling policy that may help promote smoking cessation.
To assess insert effects, with and without accompanying pictorial health warning labels(HWLs), on hypothesized psychosocial and behavioral outcomes.
We conducted a 2 × 2 between-subject randomized
trial (inserts with efficacy messages vs. no inserts; large pictorial HWLs vs. small text HWLs), with 367 adults who smoked at least 10 cigarettes a day. Participants received a 14-day supply of their preferred cigarettes with packs modified to reflect their experimental condition. Over 2 weeks, we surveyed participants approximately 4-5 times a day during their smoking sessions, querying feelings about smoking, level of worry about harms from smoking, self-efficacy to cut down on cigarettes, self-efficacy to quit, hopefulness about quitting, and motivation to quit. Each evening, participants reported their perceived susceptibility to smoking harms and, for the last 24 hr, their frequency of thinking about smoking harms and cessation benefits, conversations about smoking cessation or harms, and foregoing or stubbing out cigarettes before they finished smoking. Mixed-effects ordinal and logistic models were estimated to evaluate differences between groups.
Participants whose packs included inserts were more likely than those whose packs did not include inserts to report foregoing or stubbing out of cigarettes (OR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.36, 4.20). Otherwise, no statistically significant associations were found between labeling conditions and outcomes.
This
study provides some evidence, albeit limited, that pack inserts with efficacy messages can promote behaviors that predict smoking cessation attempts.
Cigarette pack inserts (small leaflets inside packs) with messages about quitting benefits and tips to quit may promote smoking cessation. We randomly assigned 367 adult smokers to one of four groups: control group with small health warning labels (HWLs) on the side of packs; inserts with cessation messages and small HWLs; large picture HWLs showing health effects from smoking; inserts and large picture HWLs. Participants received a 14-day supply of their preferred cigarettes in packs that reflected their assigned group. Over 2 weeks, we surveyed participants 4–5 times a day during times when they smoked, asking their feelings about smoking and smoking-related harms, confidence to reduce cigarettes and quit, hopefulness about quitting, and motivation to quit. Each evening, participants reported on the prior 24 hr: how often they thought about smoking harms and cessation benefits; conversations about smoking cessation or harms; and foregoing or stubbing out cigarettes before they finished smoking. People whose packs had inserts (with or without picture HWLs) were more likely than those whose packs did not include inserts (control group or picture HWLs only) to report foregoing or stubbing out of cigarettes. This
study provides some evidence that inserts with cessation messages may promote smoking cessation.