本研究旨在调查阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)儿童唾液菌群的特征,并评估腺样体扁桃体切除术前后唾液菌群的纵向变化。
一组横断面样本包括36名OSA儿童(17名男孩和19名女孩,7.47±2.24岁)和22个对照(9个男孩和13个女孩,7.55±2.48岁)纳入研究,其中8名OSA儿童(5名男孩和3名女孩,8.8±2.0岁)接受腺样体扁桃体切除术治疗1年后随访。收集唾液样本,并通过基于16SrRNA测序的生物信息学分析对微生物谱进行分析。
在横截面样品中,OSA组具有较高的α多样性,如Chao1,Shannon,辛普森,Pielou_e,与对照组相比,观察到的物种(p<0.05)。基于Bray-Curtis差异(p=0.004)和Jaccard距离(p=0.001)的β多样性表明OSA组和对照组之间存在显着差异。嵌套交叉验证的随机森林分类器确定了10个最重要的属(乳酸杆菌,埃希氏菌,双歧杆菌,Capnocytophaga,拟杆菌_[G-7],Parvimonas,拟杆菌,克雷伯菌属,Lautropia,和Prevotella),可以将OSA儿童与曲线下面积(AUC)为0.94的对照组区分开。线性判别分析效应大小(LEfSe)分析显示,普雷沃氏菌属的丰度明显更高(p=0.027),放线菌(p=0.015),双歧杆菌(p<0.001),埃希氏菌(p<0.001),OSA组中的乳酸菌(p<0.001),其中普雷沃氏菌在纵向样本中得到了进一步证实。发现Prevotellasp_HMT_396在OSA组中显着富集(p=0.02),随着OSA严重程度的增加(p=0.014),并且在治疗后的组中其丰度较低(p=0.003),在腺样体扁桃体切除术后1年,每个OSA患儿的丰度下降.
与对照组相比,在OSA儿童的唾液微生物群中发现了显着更高的微生物多样性以及微生物组成和丰度的显着差异。同时,一些特征属(普雷沃氏菌,放线菌,乳酸菌,埃希氏菌,和双歧杆菌)在OSA儿童中发现,其中普雷沃氏菌属之间的关系。OSA值得进一步研究。
The present
study aimed to investigate the characteristics of salivary microbiota of children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and to assess longitudinal alterations in salivary microbiota before and after adenotonsillectomy.
A set of cross-sectional samples consisted of 36 OSA children (17 boys and 19 girls, 7.47 ± 2.24 years old) and 22 controls (9 boys and 13 girls, 7.55 ± 2.48 years old) were included in the
study, among which eight OSA children (five boys and three girls, 8.8 ± 2.0 years old) who underwent treatment of adenotonsillectomy were followed up after 1 year. Saliva samples were collected, and microbial profiles were analyzed by bioinformatics analysis based on 16S rRNA sequencing.
In cross-sectional samples, the OSA group had higher α-diversity as estimated by Chao1, Shannon, Simpson, Pielou_e, and observed species as compared with the control group (p < 0.05). β-Diversity based on the Bray-Curtis dissimilarities (p = 0.004) and Jaccard distances (p = 0.001) revealed a significant separation between the OSA group and control group. Nested cross-validated random forest classifier identified the 10 most important genera (Lactobacillus, Escherichia, Bifidobacterium, Capnocytophaga, Bacteroidetes_[G-7], Parvimonas, Bacteroides, Klebsiella, Lautropia, and Prevotella) that could differentiate OSA children from controls with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.94. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis revealed a significantly higher abundance of genera such as Prevotella (p = 0.027), Actinomyces (p = 0.015), Bifidobacterium (p < 0.001), Escherichia (p < 0.001), and Lactobacillus (p < 0.001) in the OSA group, among which Prevotella was further corroborated in longitudinal samples.
Prevotella sp_HMT_396 was found to be significantly enriched in the OSA group (p = 0.02) with significantly higher levels as OSA severity increased (p = 0.014), and it had a lower abundance in the post-treatment group (p = 0.003) with a decline in each OSA child 1 year after adenotonsillectomy.
A significantly higher microbial diversity and a significant difference in microbial composition and abundance were identified in salivary microbiota of OSA children compared with controls. Meanwhile, some characteristic genera (
Prevotella, Actinomyces, Lactobacillus, Escherichia, and Bifidobacterium) were found in OSA children, among which the relationship between
Prevotella spp. and OSA is worth further studies.