方法:在早产儿中引入早期经口喂养很重要,因为它支持肠道成熟并有助于预防感染。此外,早期经口喂养可能有助于改善早产儿的神经认知结局.已经开发了几种整体治疗策略来提高喂养技能,食物耐受性,以及独立饮酒的能力,包括早期母乳喂养等做法,口腔刺激,以及随后的嗅觉刺激。基于几项使用嗅觉刺激和食物气味的研究(香草,母乳)以促进早产儿的口服喂养这项研究是为了检验以下假设:用香草或牛奶气味(母乳或配方奶)进行嗅觉刺激是否会导致26岁以上早产儿的鼻胃管断奶时间减少?它是否会影响次要结果,例如住院时间,体重发展,
方法:包括通过胃管完全或部分喂养且不通气的早产。对于这项研究,207名26+6孕周以上的婴儿被随机分为三个不同的研究组。每次喂食前,嗅觉演示文稿是用牛奶气味,一个香草的Sniffin棒,或者控制杆.归根结底,包括165名婴儿(87名男性,78名女性)。在随机化的时候,婴儿平均12±9.5日龄.
结果:虽然香草和牛奶气味的影响与主要结果的对照没有显着差异,次要分析显示,前10天独立饮用食物的累积量存在显着差异,是香草组的最高量。选择此时间段是由于前十天后的高辍学率。此外,与牛奶气味刺激相比,在妊娠32周以下接受香草气味刺激的过早出院具有有希望的意义。
结论:尽管这项研究的主要结果(胃管摘除)没有提供显著的结果,在牛奶气味刺激的亚组分析中,香草嗅觉刺激对早产儿有显著益处.年轻的早产儿似乎从刺激中受益。该研究于04.06.2019在“DeutschesRegisterKlinischerStudien”(DRKS00013093)中注册。
METHODS: Introducing early oral feeding in premature infants is important because it supports intestinal maturation and helps prevent infections. In addition, early oral feeding is likely to contribute to improved neurocognitive outcomes in preterm infants. Several holistic therapeutic strategies have been developed to improve feeding skills, food tolerance, and the ability to drink independently, including practices such as early breastfeeding, oral stimulation, and subsequent olfactory stimulation. Based on several studies using olfactory stimulation with food odors (vanilla, breast milk) to promote oral feeding in preterm infants this
study was conducted to test the following hypothesis: Does olfactory stimulation with vanilla or milk odor (breast milk or formula) lead to a reduction in the time required for nasogastric tube weaning in premature infants older than 26 + 6 weeks of gestational age? In addition, does it influence secondary outcomes such as length of hospital stay, weight development, and attainment of greater amounts of independently consumed food?
METHODS: Premature with complete or partial feeding by gastric tube and without ventilation were included. For this
study, 207 infants over 26 + 6 gestational weeks were randomized into three different
study groups. Before each feeding, an olfactory presentation was made with milk odor, a vanilla Sniffin\' Stick, or a control stick. In the final analysis, 165 infants were included (87 males, 78 females). At the time of randomization, infants were on average 12 ± 9.5 days old.
RESULTS: While the influence of vanilla and milk odor did not provide a significant difference from the control for the primary outcome, a secondary analysis showed a significant group difference in the cumulative amount of independently drunk food consumed in the first ten days was the highest amount in the vanilla group. This time period was chosen due to the high dropout rate after the first ten days. In addition, there was a promising significance for earlier hospital discharge for prematurely below 32 weeks of gestation receiving vanilla odor stimulation in comparison to milk odor stimulation.
CONCLUSIONS: Although the primary outcome of this
study (gastric tube removal) did not provide significant results, a significant benefit of vanilla olfactory stimulation for preterm infants was demonstrated in subgroup analysis above milk odor stimulation. Younger preterm infants seem to benefit from the stimulation.