目的:应用食物频率问卷(FFQ),关于部分大小的知识是相关的。根据增加的能量和营养需求,食物的平均份量应该在生长过程中增加。我们为不同年龄段的4至18岁儿童提供了经验推导的份量,以促进对儿童和青少年FFQ数据的分析。
方法:使用动态多特蒙德营养和人体测量纵向设计(DONALD)队列研究的数据,平滑百分位数的分位数回归用于得出作为年龄函数的份量,根据年龄和食物组特定份量计算食物组摄入量中位数(g).
方法:多特蒙德,德国。
方法:分析了来自1,325名参与者的3天称重饮食记录(WDR)的数据(‰:653)。在1985年至2022年期间,参与者总共提供了9,828个WDR(平均每个参与者7.5个)。WDR分为五个年龄组,每个年龄组涵盖三岁。
结果:总计,报告了11,955种食品,并将其分为16个主要食品类别,其中71个亚组。份量随着年龄的增长而增加,除了牛奶和植物性替代品。将4至6岁的儿童与16至18岁的儿童进行比较,份量增加了22.2%(加工肉:18克vs.22克)和173.3%(美味小吃:15克vs.41g)。
结论:我们为儿童和青少年提供了经验推导的份量。这些数据有助于建立基于部分大小估计的饮食评估方法,例如FFQ,为儿童和青少年。
OBJECTIVE: To apply FFQ, knowledge about portion sizes is relevant. According to increased energy and nutrient requirements, average portion sizes of foods are supposed to increase during growth. We provide empirically derived portion sizes for 4- to 18-year-olds in different age groups to facilitate analyses of FFQ data in children and adolescents.
METHODS: Using data from the dynamic DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed cohort
study, quantile regression for smoothing percentiles was used to derive portion sizes as a function of age from which age- and food group-specific portion sizes were calculated as median food group intake (g).
METHODS: Dortmund, Germany.
METHODS: Data from 3-day weighed dietary records (WDR) of 1,325 participants (♀: 653) were analysed. Participants provided in total 9,828 WDR (on average 7·5 per participant) between 1985 and 2022. WDR were grouped into five age groups, whereby each age group covered 3 years of age.
RESULTS: In total, 11 955 food items were reported and categorised into sixteen major food groups with seventy-one sub-groups. Portion sizes tended to increase with age, except for milk- and plant-based alternatives. Comparing 4- to 6-year-olds to 16- to 18-year-olds, portion size increased between 22·2 % (processed meat: 18 g v. 22 g) and 173·3 % (savoury snacks: 15 g v. 41 g).
CONCLUSIONS: We provide empirically derived portion sizes for children and adolescents. These data are useful to establish dietary assessment methods based on estimates of portion sizes, such as FFQ, for children and adolescents.