份量标准被描述为人们选择吃多少给定食物的感知。减少饱和脂肪含量高的食物的份量标准,加糖,和向较小的尺寸添加盐可能是促进适当的部分尺寸选择的潜在策略。然而,现有的可自由支配食品份量标准的概述尚未建立。
本系统评价的目的是检查可自由支配食品的份量标准,并评估用于调查标准的方法。
根据PRISMA指南(从开始到2022年1月),在6个数据库中进行了文献检索。
40项研究符合资格,按份量标准指标分为3类:正常(n=26),适当(n=8),和优选的部分大小(n=3)。使用JoannaBriggs研究所关键评估工具评估研究质量。
对于每种食物类型,广泛的份量大小被认为是正常的,研究中均值/中位数从2倍到4倍不等。研究在设计上有很大的不同,变量包括设置,食物类型,食物介绍,部分大小相关问题的表述方式,以及显示的份量大小选项的范围和数量。综述研究的质量参差不齐(25项研究有低或中等偏倚风险,15具有较高的偏倚风险),33项定量研究中有15项未验证评估份量的方法.
未来研究中的份量评估应使用对感兴趣人群进行验证的工具进行,以便可以得出有关可自由支配食品份量规范的更明确结论。
PROSPERO注册号CRD42021249911。
Portion size norm is described as the perception of how much of a given food people choose to eat. Reducing the portion size norm of foods that are high in saturated fat, added sugar, and added salt toward smaller sizes might be a potential strategy to promote appropriate portion size selections. However, an overview of existing portion size norms for discretionary foods has yet to be established.
The aim of this systematic
review was to examine the portion size norm of discretionary foods and assess the methodologies used to investigate the norm.
The literature search was conducted in 6 databases following the PRISMA guidelines (from inception to January 2022).
Forty studies were eligible and grouped into 3 categories by portion size norm measures: normal (n = 26), appropriate (n = 8), and preferred portion sizes (n = 3). Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools.
A wide range of portion sizes were considered normal for each food type, with means/medians varying from 2- to 4-fold among studies. Studies differed considerably in design, with variables including the setting, food type, food presentation, the manner in which portion-size-related questions were formulated, and the range and number of displayed serving size options. The quality of reviewed studies was mixed (25 studies had low or moderate risk of bias, 15 had high risk of bias), and the method of assessing portion size was not validated in 15 of 33 quantitative studies.
The assessment of portion size in future studies should be conducted using tools that are validated for the population of interest so that more definitive conclusions can be drawn regarding portion size norms for discretionary foods.
PROSPERO registration number CRD42021249911.