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Primary angiosarcoma of the breast is an extremely rare tumour with a difficult diagnosis and poor prognosis. We report a case of primary breast angiosarcoma diagnosed in the pathology department of the University Hospital of Oujda. An analysis of the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of this type of tumour is made in this manuscript. Mastectomy is the standard treatment; the place of radiotherapy and chemotherapy is not well established. We report a case of a 18- year-old woman having an infectious symptomatology of the right breast for which she received an anti-infectious therapy inducing regression of inflammatory symptoms presented with a quick growing mass. Initial core needle biopsy showed a malignant vascular proliferation. The patient underwent a mastectomy. The tumor histology showed papillary formations and vascular structures lined by atypical cells with hyperchromatic nucleus and eosinophilic cytoplasm. The tumor cells expressed CD34 and CD31 but were negative for cytokeratin. The diagnosis of angiosarcoma grade I was made. The patient is now receiving chemotherapy. She is still alive.

BACKGROUND: Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are vascular malformations that account for 5%-15% of all central nervous system vascular malformations. However, multiple CCMs, which can be sporadic or familial, are rare, with a prevalence of 0.1%-0.5%.
METHODS: Here, we presented a rare case of sporadic multiple CCMs in an infant, which were accompanied with multiple cavernous malformations of the chest and skin.
CONCLUSIONS: CCMs were pathologically diagnosed through the total resection of the pineal regional lesion. We also observed a spontaneous regression of the remaining lesions during a follow-up period of 2 years. To our knowledge, this is the first case of CCMs in an infant in the English-language literature.

Mesothelial/monocytic incidental cardiac excrescence (MICE) is a benign lesion composed of histiocytes and mesothelial cells, usually found during cardiac surgery. To date, no more than 50 cases are reported in literature, and pathogenesis is still unclear even if different theories have been proposed. Here we report a case of MICE encountered during aortic valve replacement with typical histological features and extensive immunohistochemical investigation. To date, little information is available about the pathogenesis of MICE. We review the current literature focusing on the role of adhesion molecules such as CD31.

BACKGROUND: Primary gastric epithelioid angiosarcoma is a highly aggressive endothelial cell malignancy and may pose a great diagnostic challenge.
UNASSIGNED: Here we describe the case of a 56-year-old man presented with melena and epigastric dull pain for 2 weeks.
METHODS: Primary gastric epithelioid angiosarcomas: the definitive diagnosis was provided by immunohistochemical analysis with endothelial markers such as cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), ether-a-go-go-related gene (ERG), and Freund leukemia integration (FLI-1).
METHODS: After gastroscopic biopsy was performed at the bleeding fundus and the results suggested malignant tumor, radical gastrectomy was performed.
RESULTS: Unfortunately, regional lymph node enlargement and distant metastases occurred about 1 month later. The patient did not have the opportunity to undergo chemotherapy or other treatment and died from multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.
CONCLUSIONS: Primary gastric epithelioid angiosarcomas are rare tumors with a high rate of lymph nodes and peripheral organs metastasis. The strong cytokeratin expression in epithelioid angiosarcomas represents a diagnostic pitfall for pathologists. Their clinical behaviors are unpredictable and results with surgical excision alone have been disappointing. Thus, the prognosis is generally considered poor and patients seldom can survive over 1 year after diagnosis.

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A recurrent YAP1-TFE3 gene fusion has been identified in WWTR1-CAMTA1-negative epithelioid hemangioendotheliomas arising in soft tissue, bone, and lung, but not in liver. We present the first case of TFE3-rearranged hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma in a 39-year-old Taiwanese woman. Computed tomography scan revealed multifocal, ill-defined nodules involving both hepatic lobes. She then underwent deceased donor liver transplantation. Histologically, the tumors in the liver explant showed a biphasic growth pattern. One component was composed of dilated and well-formed blood vessels lined by epithelioid cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, mimicking an alveolar pattern, whereas the other component was composed of cords and single cells, featuring intracytoplasmic vacuoles, separated by a myxoid stroma. The tumor cells showed vesicular nuclei and small indistinct nucleoli with mild to moderate cytologic atypia. Most tumor cells showed factor VIII, CD34, CD31, and TFE3 positivity in immunohistochemical study. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis for the tumor cells exhibited TFE3 gene rearrangement. The patient is currently alive, and no post-operative tumor recurrence developed during a 13-year follow-up. Awareness of this rare vasoformative variant and identification of the gene rearrangement would be helpful on differential diagnosis with other high-grade carcinoma and angiosarcoma of liver.

Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma (PHE) is an uncommon, but distinctive soft tissue tumor, characterized by multifocality. A 17-year-old male referred to us with progressively increasing multiple subcutaneous nodular lesions over his left leg and foot, reported elsewhere as a spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma. On review, microscopy showed a cellular tumor comprising plump spindle cells arranged in loose fascicles with interspersed inflammatory cells. Tumor cells exhibited mild nuclear variation. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells expressed AE1/AE3, CD31, Fli-1, and smooth muscle actin (SMA), confirming diagnosis of PHE. Whole-body positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scan revealed multiple, metabolically active, subcutaneous nodular lesions over the left lower leg and in the distal tibia. Subsequently, resection specimens from the various lesions and bone curettage also revealed features of PHE. Three months later, the patient developed multiple lesions over his fourth toe and left foot, for which he underwent tumor resections. At present, he is disease-free. PHE is a locally aggressive soft tissue tumor characterized by multifocality, rarely bony involvement and can be misdiagnosed as a high-grade sarcoma.

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Hemangioma of the esophagus is a rare form of benign esophageal tumor. It usually presents as a single lesion located in the lower third of the esophagus and is mostly asymptomatic. However, it may occasionally cause hematemesis and/or obstruction. Surgical resection is the conventional treatment modality for managing esophageal hemangioma, but less invasive approaches such as endoscopic therapy are recently becoming more widely employed. Herein, we report a case of a 54-year-old man who presented with an esophageal hemangioma that was successfully treated by endoscopic mucosal resection without any complications.