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BACKGROUND: Standardized medical photography of the face is a vital part of patient documentation, clinical evaluation, and scholarly dissemination. Because digital photography is a mainstay in clinical care, there is a critical need for an easy-to-use mobile device application that could assist users in taking a standardized clinical photograph. ImageAssist was developed to answer this need. The mobile application is integrated into the electronic medical record (EMR); it implements and automates American Society of Plastic Surgery/Plastic Surgery Research Foundation photographic guidelines with background deletion.
UNASSIGNED: A team consisting of a craniofacial plastic surgeon and the Health Information Technology product group developed and implemented the pilot application of ImageAssist. The application launches directly from patients\' chart in the mobile version of the EMR, EPIC Haiku (Verona, Wisconsin). Standard views of the face (90-degree, oblique left and right, front and basal view) were built into digital templates and are user selected. Red digital frames overlay the patients\' face on the screen and turn green once standardized alignment is achieved, prompting the user to capture. The background is then digitally subtracted to a standard blue, and the photograph is not stored on the user\'s phone.
UNASSIGNED: ImageAssist initial beta user group was limited to 13 providers across dermatology, ENT, and plastic surgery. A mix of physicians, advanced practice providers, and nurses was included to pilot the application in the outpatient clinic setting using Image Assist on their smart phone. After using the app, an internal survey was used to gain feedback on the user experience. In the first 2 years of use, 31 users have taken more than 3400 photographs in more than 800 clinical encounters. Since initial release, automated background deletion also has been functional for any anatomic area.
CONCLUSIONS: ImageAssist is a novel smartphone application that standardizes clinical photography and integrated into the EMR, which could save both time and expense for clinicians seeking to take consistent clinical images. Future steps include continued refinement of current image capture functionality and development of a stand-alone mobile device application.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) holds the potential to revolutionize medicine, offering vast improvements for plastic surgery. While human physicians are limited to one lifetime of experience, AI is poised to soon surpass human capabilities, as it draws on limitless information and continuous learning abilities. Nevertheless, as AI becomes increasingly prevalent in this domain, it gives rise to critical ethical considerations that must be addressed by professionals.
METHODS: This work reviews the literature referring to the ethical challenges brought on by the ever-expanding use of AI in plastic surgery and offers guidelines for its application.
RESULTS: Ethical challenges include the disclosure of use of AI by caregivers, validation of decision-making, data privacy, informed consent and autonomy, potential biases in AI systems, the opaque nature of AI models, questions of liability, and the need for regulations.
CONCLUSIONS: There is a lack of consensus for the ethical use of AI in plastic surgery. Guidelines, such as those presented in this work, are needed within each discipline of medicine to respond to important ethical considerations for the safe use of AI.
METHODS: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Cleft lip and palate team approach management refers to the goal of achieving good appearance, normal function and mental health for patients with cleft lip and palate, through multidisciplinary cooperation, jointly formulating treatment plans, using surgical reconstruction as the main method, and performing the most appropriate treatment at the best time point. The team is a multidisciplinary medical team, and at least it is recommended to include oral and maxillofacial surgeons, orthodontists, pathological phoneticians, and psychological counselors. This guideline was formally applied by the Society of Cleft Lip and Palate and approved by Chinese Stomatological Association in 2019, and was officially released in 2022. This guideline describes the cleft lip and palate team approach management for Chinese, covering the primary and secondary surgical repair for cleft lip, cleft palate, and cleft alveolar, and orthodontic treatment, speech therapy, nursing, psychology, etc.
唇腭裂序列治疗是指以唇腭裂患者达到良好外形、正常功能和心理健康为目标，通过多学科协作，共同制订治疗计划，以外科整复为主要手段，在最佳的时间点进行最合适治疗的团队治疗模式。唇腭裂序列治疗团队是一个多学科组成的医疗团队，建议至少包括口腔颌面外科医师、口腔正畸医师、病理语音师、心理咨询师等组成。本指南是由中华口腔医学会唇腭裂专业委员会于2019年正式申请立项并获学会批准，于2022年正式发布。本指南描述了适宜中国唇腭裂患者人群的序列治疗相关诊疗技术，涵盖唇裂、牙槽突裂及腭裂的初期、二期手术、正畸治疗、语音治疗、护理、心理等方面，适用于中国开展唇腭裂序列治疗的临床工作。.

女性外生殖器官是维持女性生理功能、性功能以及盆底功能稳定的重要解剖学结构。由于部位隐蔽、涉及隐私，出现病损或功能障碍时患者往往羞于启齿。近年来，女性外生殖器官整复手术在一些医疗机构或诊所不断开展甚至滥用，并由此引发了诸多医患纠纷、医疗事故甚至死亡案例。中国整形美容协会科技创新与器官整复分会着眼女性外生殖器官整复的医学内涵，结合国内外最新循证医学证据和我国女性外生殖器官整复临床实践中的治疗现状，围绕女性外生殖器官解剖要点与功能、常见整复手术的适应证、术前评估、手术要点、手术并发症以及疗效评价等，从临床专业角度撰写本指南，旨在规范女性外生殖器官整复手术治疗，促进本领域的发展回归医疗本质，为女性外生殖器官病损或功能障碍患者提供专业的医疗服务。.

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In recent years, several international urological societies have published guidelines on the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of urethral strictures, but a guideline for the German-speaking region has not been available to date. This summary provides a detailed comparison of the guidelines of the European Association of Urology (EAU), American Urological Association (AUA) and the Société Internationale d\'Urologie (SIU) with regard to the treatment of anterior urethral strictures, i.e. from the bulbar urethra to the meatus. In the following work, differences and specific recommendations in the guidelines are highlighted. In particular, the three guidelines largely agree with regard to diagnostic workup and follow-up. However, divergences exist in the management of anterior urethral strictures, particularly with regard to the use of endoscopic therapeutic approaches and the use of urethral stents. In addition, the EAU provides more comprehensive and detailed recommendations on urethroplasty techniques and specific patient follow-up. The EAU guidelines are the most current and were the first to include instructions for urethral strictures in women and individuals with gender incongruence after genital approximation surgery. Reconstructive urology is a rapidly evolving specialty and, thus, the clinical approach has been changing accordingly. Although guideline recommendations have become more inclusive and comprehensive, more high-quality data are needed to further improve the level of evidence.
UNASSIGNED: In den letzten Jahren haben verschiedene internationale urologische Fachgesellschaften Leitlinien zur Diagnostik, Behandlung und Nachsorge von Harnröhrenstrikturen veröffentlicht, eine Leitlinie für den deutschsprachigen Raum ist jedoch bis dato nicht verfügbar. Diese Zusammenfassung bietet einen detaillierten Vergleich der Leitlinien der European Association of Urology (EAU), American Urological Association (AUA) und der Société Internationale d’Urologie (SIU) im Hinblick auf die Behandlung anteriorer Harnröhrenstrikturen, also von der bulbären Harnröhre bis zum Meatus urethrae. In der folgenden Arbeit werden Unterschiede und exklusive Empfehlungen in den Leitlinien besonders herausgestellt. Insbesondere in Bezug auf die diagnostische Abklärung und Nachsorge stimmen die drei Leitlinien größtenteils überein. Divergenzen bestehen jedoch beim eigentlichen Management der anterioren Harnröhrenstrikturen, insbesondere in Bezug auf den Einsatz endoskopischer Therapieansätze und die Verwendung von Harnröhren-Stents. Darüber hinaus bietet die EAU umfassendere und detailliertere Empfehlungen zu Urethroplastiktechniken und der spezifischen Nachsorge der Patienten. Die EAU-Leitlinien sind die aktuellsten und die ersten, die Anweisungen für Harnröhrenstrikturen bei Frauen und Personen mit Geschlechtsinkongruenz nach genitalangleichender Operation beinhalten. Die rekonstruktive Urologie ist ein sich rasch weiterentwickelndes Fachgebiet und die klinische Vorgehensweise verändert sich dementsprechend dynamisch. Obwohl die Leitlinienempfehlungen inklusiver und umfassender geworden sind, sind weitere qualitativ hochwertige Daten erforderlich, um das Evidenzniveau weiter zu verbessern.

OBJECTIVE: To review and update the literature regarding outcomes following surgical management of chronic, grade III posterolateral corner (PLC) injuries, with an emphasis on estimating failure rates based upon objective parameters in light of the 2019 expert consensus, while secondarily comparing the failure rates of anatomic versus non-anatomic reconstruction techniques.
METHODS: A literature search was performed using the PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases. Inclusion criteria consisted of level I-IV human clinical studies reporting subjective and objective outcomes in patients following surgical management for chronic (>6 weeks from injury) grade III PLC injuries, with a minimum two-year follow-up. The criterion for objective surgical failure was based on post-operative varus stress radiographs and defined as a side-to-side difference of 3 ​mm or more of lateral gapping.
RESULTS: A total of six studies, consisting of 10 separate cohorts encompassing a total of 230 patients, were identified. PLC reconstruction was performed in all cohorts, with 80 ​% (n ​= ​8/10) of these cohorts utilising an anatomic reconstruction technique. A failure rate ranging from 4.3 ​% to 36 ​% was found. Subgroup analysis revealed a failure rate of 4.3 ​%-24.2 ​% for anatomic reconstruction techniques, whereas a 0 ​%-36 ​% failure rate was found for non-anatomic reconstruction. Arthrofibrosis was the most common complication (range, 0 ​%-12.1 ​%) following surgery. 0 ​%-8 ​% of patients required revision PLC surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: PLC reconstruction yields a wide variability in failure rates according to the side-to-side difference of 3 ​mm or more of lateral gapping on post-operative varus stress radiographs, with low revision rates following anatomic and non-anatomic reconstruction techniques.
METHODS: IV; Systematic Review of Level III and IV studies.

The distally based anterolateral thigh (dALT) flap is associated with a high incidence of venous congestion. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with vascular compromise to improve the outcomes.
We retrospectively analyzed 41 dALT flap reconstructions performed between November 2010 and February 2023. The dALT flap was classified into type I, II, or III based on the origin (the descending, oblique, or transverse branch) of the chosen perforator. The distance from the pivot point to the superolateral patella, pedicle length, flap reach, complications, and loss rates were analyzed to identify different dALT flap characteristics.
The type Ⅰ flap had a shorter pedicle length (type Ⅰ vs. type Ⅱ, p = 0.000; type Ⅰ vs. type Ⅲ, p = 0.000) that primarily reached closer regions (distal third of the thigh anterior/lateral knee). Pedicle lengths were similar between type Ⅱ and Ⅲ flaps (p = 1.000), most of which reached more distal regions (medial/posterior knee or proximal third of the leg). However, the type Ⅲ flaps had a higher complication rate and flap loss rate, although no significant differences were observed (complication rate, p = 0.094; flap loss rate, p = 0.071).
To achieve more desirable outcomes using the dALT flap, preoperative assessment of flap pedicle length and proper intraoperative maneuvers that avoid compromising the reverse blood circulation are necessary.