入侵植物物种(IPS)通常被认为是导致农作物高产量损失的杂草,对环境产生负面影响,破坏某些生态系统服务。IPS对生物多样性的负面影响正在增加和扰乱原生植被。植物入侵的管理可以分为两个阶段(入侵之前和之后)。在介绍之前,发展知识库(生物学,生态学,分布,影响,管理)在IPS上,预防措施和风险评估。介绍后,如果根除失败,IPS的监测和综合管理对于防止归化和进一步扩散至关重要。这篇评论使用了两种主要的入侵杂草物种(AmaranthuspalmeriS.Wats。和茄子。)作为案例研究,提出早期检测的框架,抗除草剂快速筛选,和综合管理。提出的整体框架利用了最近的:(I)新颖的检测工具,(ii)除草剂抗性的快速测试和测定,和(iii)生物学,生态学,分布性状,和IPS的管理工具。农民,顾问,研究人员,政策制定者需要关于IPS增长动态的简报,适应性率,以及对常规和新疗法的反应,以防止新的入侵,根除孤立的林分,并从长远来看减轻入侵杂草的影响。©2022化学工业学会。
Invasive plant species (IPS) are often considered weeds that cause high yield losses in crops, negatively affect the environment, and disrupt certain ecosystem services. The negative impact of IPS on biodiversity is increasing and disturbing native vegetation. The management of plant invasions can be divided in two phases (before and after invasion). Prior to introduction it is crucial to develop the knowledge base (biology, ecology, distribution, impact, management) on IPS, prevention measures and risk assessment. After introduction if eradication fails, the monitoring and the integrated management of IPS are imperative to prevent the naturalization and further dispersal. This
review uses two major invasive weed species (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. and Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.) as case studies to propose a framework for early detection, rapid herbicide resistance screening, and integrated management. The holistic framework that is presented exploits recent: (i) novel detection tools, (ii) rapid tests and assays for herbicide resistance, and (iii) biology, ecology, distribution traits, and management tools for the IPS. Farmers, advisors, researchers, and policymakers need briefing on IPS growth dynamics, adaptability rates, and response to conventional and novel treatments to prevent new invasions, eradicate isolated stands, and mitigate the impact of invasive weed species in the long term. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.