疫霉。是牙龈病或脚部腐烂的病原体,纤维根腐病,和影响根部的果实褐腐病,树干,柑橘树的果实,造成严重的经济损失。这项工作提供了最新的系统评价,以解决柑橘对疫霉菌的防御反应以及管理疫霉菌病的策略。应用一种基于显式搜索的新方法,严谨,透明的方法。为此,使用可用于学术研究的数据库进行了系统的文献综述.引用的论文中报道的主要植物防御机制是超敏反应,细胞壁加固,发病机制相关蛋白的产生,和防御相关基因的表达。此外,管理疫霉根腐病的主要策略是土壤中的有机化合物以及真菌和细菌的生物防治。此外,还报道了通过应用新的卵菌杀菌剂来抑制疫霉病或溃疡,并通过应用亚磷酸钾减少棕色果实腐烂的发生率。此外,现代植物生物技术可以帮助加快育种计划中抗性砧木的选择,作为产生杂种的受控交叉,体细胞杂交,转基因柑橘植物,定量性状基因座(QTL)的定位基因组区域,候选基因,代谢标记和比较转录组学。这些创新技术代表了培育新的抗疫霉砧木的合适工具,这被广泛认为是面对牙龈病或脚病的最佳策略,纤维根腐病,并最终最大限度地减少在作物保护中昂贵的农药使用。
Phytophthora spp. are the causal agents of gummosis or foot rot, fibrous root rot, and fruit brown rot diseases that affect the roots, trunk, and fruits of citrus trees, causing severe economic losses. This work presents an updated systematic
review addressing the defence responses in citrus against
Phytophthora and the strategies to manage
Phytophthora diseases. Applying a new method of search based on an explicit, rigorous, and transparent methodology. For this purpose, a systematic literature
review was conducted using the databases available for academic research. The main plant defence mechanisms reported in the cited papers are the hypersensitivity response, cell wall reinforcement, production of pathogenesis-related proteins, and expression of defence-related genes. Moreover, the main strategies to manage Phytophthora root rot are organic compounds in the soil and biological control with fungi and bacteria. In addition, inhibition of Phytophthora gummosis or canker by applying new oomycota fungicides and reducing the incidence of brown fruit rot through the application of potassium phosphite have also been reported. Moreover, modern plant biotechnology techniques can help to accelerate the selection of resistant rootstocks in breeding programs, as controlled crossings for the generation of hybrids, somatic hybridisation, transgenic citrus plants, mapped genomic regions of Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs), candidate genes, metabolic markers and comparative transcriptomic. These innovative techniques represent a suitable tool to breed new
Phytophthora resistant rootstocks, which is widely recognised as the best strategy to face gummosis or foot rot, fibrous root rot and ultimately minimise the expensive use of pesticides in crop protection.