疫苗接种率的提高以及对流感病毒感染和临床表现的更好理解改善了疾病的总体预后。然而,流感会导致危及生命的并发症,如心脏填塞,这只记录在病例报告中。我们搜索了截至2021年12月的PubMed/Medline和SCOPUS和EMBASE,并在我们对流感相关心脏填塞的审查中确定了25例超声心动图证实的心脏填塞病例报告。人口统计,临床表现,调查,管理,结果采用描述性统计分析。在25例报告中[成人19例(47.6±15.12)和儿童6例(10.1±4.5)],15例(60%)为女性,10例(40%)为男性。从流感感染到心脏填塞的发生,平均持续时间为7±8.5天。发烧(64%),弱点(40%),呼吸困难(24%),咳嗽(32%),胸痛(32%)是最常见的症状。高血压,糖尿病,肾功能衰竭是最常见的合并症。窦性心动过速(11例,44%)和ST段抬高(7例,28%)是最常见的心电图发现。14例(56%)报告并发症,最常见的是低血压(24%),心脏骤停(16%),和急性肾损伤(8%)。14例(56%)需要机械循环/呼吸支持,最常见的是插管(9例,64%)。结果包括88%的康复和3例的死亡。随着疫苗接种率的提高,流感病毒感染后,心包填塞仍然是一种罕见的并发症。复杂的病例出现在诊断的第一周内,其中近一半患有并发并发症,包括心脏骤停或急性肾损伤。大多数患者通过及时诊断和治疗干预而康复。
Increased vaccination rates and better understanding of influenza virus infection and clinical presentation have improved the disease\'s overall prognosis. However, influenza can cause life-threatening complications such as cardiac tamponade, which has only been documented in
case reports. We searched PubMed/Medline and SCOPUS and EMBASE through December 2021 and identified 25
case reports on echocardiographically confirmed cardiac tamponade in our review of influenza-associated cardiac tamponade. Demographics, clinical presentation, investigations, management, and outcomes were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Among 25 cases
reports [19 adults (47.6 ±15.12) and 6 pediatric (10.1 ± 4.5)], 15 (60%) were females and 10 (40%) were male patients. From flu infection to the occurrence of cardiac tamponade, the average duration was 7±8.5 days. Fever (64%), weakness (40%), dyspnea (24%), cough (32%), and chest pain (32%) were the most prevalent symptoms. Hypertension, diabetes, and renal failure were most commonly encountered comorbidities. Sinus tachycardia (11 cases, 44%) and ST-segment elevation (7 cases, 28%) were the most common ECG findings. Fourteen cases (56%) reported complications, the most common being hypotension (24%), cardiac arrest (16%), and acute kidney injury (8%). Mechanical circulatory/respiratory support was required for 14 cases (56%), the most common being intubation (9 cases, 64%). Outcomes included recovery in 88% and death in 3 cases. With improving vaccination rates, pericardial tamponade remains an infrequently encountered complication following influenza virus infection. The complicated cases appear within the first week of diagnosis, of which nearly half suffer from concurrent complications including cardiac arrest or acute kidney injury. Majority of patients recovered with timely diagnoses and therapeutic interventions.