蓝细菌代谢产物的研究越来越多,关于它们的生物合成,生态作用,毒性,和潜在的生物医学应用。然而,在过去的几十年中,氰基毒素的历史几乎是未知的。迄今为止,仅进行了一些古生物学研究,这些都集中在微囊藻毒素和圆柱精视蛋白,两者都在200年和4700年的湖泊沉积物中成功发现,分别。在本文中,我们回顾了直接提取,量化,以及氰基毒素在沉积物岩心中的应用,并提出了该领域未来的研究展望。蓝藻毒素研究也与其他古蓝藻工具进行了比较,如沉积颜料,akinetes,和古老的DNA分离,以确定每个工具在再现蓝藻历史中的作用。这样的研究也可能有利于进一步阐明氰基毒素的生物学作用。特别是如果再加上对其他非生物和生物沉积特征的分析。此外,我们确定了当前的局限性以及未来在古分子生物学研究中氰基毒素的应用方向。
Cyanobacterial metabolites are increasingly studied, in regards to their biosynthesis, ecological role, toxicity, and potential biomedical applications. However, the history of cyanotoxins prior to the last few decades is virtually unknown. Only a few paleolimnological studies have been undertaken to date, and these have focused exclusively on microcystins and cylindrospermopsins, both successfully identified in lake sediments up to 200 and 4700 years old, respectively. In this paper, we review direct extraction, quantification, and application of cyanotoxins in sediment cores, and put forward future research prospects in this field. Cyanobacterial toxin research is also compared to other paleo-cyanobacteria tools, such as sedimentary pigments, akinetes, and ancient DNA isolation, to identify the role of each tool in reproducing the history of cyanobacteria. Such investigations may also be beneficial for further elucidation of the biological role of cyanotoxins, particularly if coupled with analyses of other abiotic and biotic sedimentary features. In addition, we identify current limitations as well as future directions for applications in the field of paleolimnological studies on cyanotoxins.