本研究旨在确定与早产相关的危险因素。并确定多米尼加共和国早产的患病率。
病例对照研究。
来自多米尼加共和国不同地区的七家国家参考医院。
以2.92:1的比例对病例和对照进行概率采样,并以α=0.05、P1=0.5、P2=0.6和β=0.08进行功效分析,得到394例和1150例对照的分布。胎龄的估计是基于新生儿学家的报告。
创建了一个方案来获取孕产妇和产科信息。
主要危险因素是早产家族史(p<0.001,OR:14.95,95%CI8.50至26.29),既往早产(p=0.005,OR:20.00;95%CI12.13至32.96),高龄产妇(35岁以上;p<0.001,OR:2.21;95%CI1.57至3.09),吸烟(p<0.001,OR:6.65,95%CI3.13至13.46),药物消耗量(p=0.004,OR:2.43,95%CI1.37至4.30),胎膜早破(p<0.001,OR:2.5)和产前咨询的出勤率降低(95%CI6~7,Z=-10.294,p<0.001)。
产妇年龄大于35岁,以前的早产,早产家族史和胎膜早破是早产的独立危险因素。青春期,怀孕体重增加和产前咨询,另一方面,是早产的保护因素。尽管在这项研究中早产的患病率为25%,这可能是有偏见的。
This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with preterm birth, and to determine the prevalence of preterm births in the Dominican Republic.
Case-control study.
Seven National Reference Hospitals from different regions of the Dominican Republic.
A probabilistic sampling of both cases and controls was performed with a ratio of 2.92:1, and a power analysis was performed with α=0.05, P1 =0.5, P2 =0.6, and β=0.08, to yield a distribution of 394 cases and 1150 controls. Estimation of gestational age was based on neonatologist
reports.
A protocol was created to obtain maternal and obstetric information.
The main risk factors were a family history of premature births (p<0.001, OR: 14.95, 95% CI 8.50 to 26.29), previous preterm birth (p=0.005, OR: 20.00; 95% CI 12.13 to 32.96), advanced maternal age (over 35 years; p<0.001, OR: 2.21; 95% CI 1.57 to 3.09), smoking (p<0.001, OR: 6.65, 95% CI 3.13 to 13.46), drug consumption (p=0.004, OR: 2.43, 95% CI 1.37 to 4.30), premature rupture of membranes (p<0.001, OR: 2.5) and reduced attendance at prenatal consultations (95% CI 6 to 7, Z=-10.294, p<0.001).
Maternal age greater than 35 years, previous preterm birth, family history of preterm births and prelabour rupture of membranes were independent risk factors for preterm birth. Adolescence, pregnancy weight gain and prenatal consultations, on the other hand, were protective factors for preterm birth. Although the prevalence of premature births in this study was 25%, this could have been biased.